Sociology of Tourism - Pro Poor Tourism
Introduction
We have to understand the several concepts by means of definition and its integration.
• Tourism Hunziker and Krapf, in 1941, defined tourism as "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activity." In 1976, the Tourism Society of England's definition was: "Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes." In 1981, the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism defined tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home The United Nations classified three forms of tourism in 1994, in its "Recommendations on Tourism Statistics: Domestic tourism", which involves residents of the given country travelling only within this country; “Inbound tourism, involving non-residents travelling in the given country; and Outbound tourism, involving residents travelling in another country”
• Poverty is the shortage of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe drinking water, all of which determine the quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and employment which aid the escape from poverty and/or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens. According to Mollie Orshansky who developed the poverty measurements used by the U.S. government, "to be poor is to be deprived of those goods and services and pleasures which others around us take for granted.” Usually measured by people living on less than $1 a day
Poverty and tourism is integrated in the form of pro-poor tourism and can be summarised as an approach that seeks to utilize tourism as strategic tool to alleviate poverty among the marginalized communities. Any form of tourism
We have to understand the several concepts by means of definition and its integration.
• Tourism Hunziker and Krapf, in 1941, defined tourism as "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activity." In 1976, the Tourism Society of England's definition was: "Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes." In 1981, the International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism defined tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home The United Nations classified three forms of tourism in 1994, in its "Recommendations on Tourism Statistics: Domestic tourism", which involves residents of the given country travelling only within this country; “Inbound tourism, involving non-residents travelling in the given country; and Outbound tourism, involving residents travelling in another country”
• Poverty is the shortage of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe drinking water, all of which determine the quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and employment which aid the escape from poverty and/or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens. According to Mollie Orshansky who developed the poverty measurements used by the U.S. government, "to be poor is to be deprived of those goods and services and pleasures which others around us take for granted.” Usually measured by people living on less than $1 a day
Poverty and tourism is integrated in the form of pro-poor tourism and can be summarised as an approach that seeks to utilize tourism as strategic tool to alleviate poverty among the marginalized communities. Any form of tourism
Bibliography: • Jamieson, W., Goodwin, H., Edmunds, C., (2004) Contribution of tourism to poverty alleviation: pro poor tourism and the challenge of measuring impacts. Conference UN ESCAP. • Karch, C.A., Dann, G.H.S., (1961) Close encounters of the third world. University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados. • Rogerson, C.M., (2002) Pro-Poor Interventions for local economic development. Unpublished dissertation. University of the Witwatersrand: Johannesburg. • Unknown Author (February 2007) City of Cape Town: Tourism Development Framework and situation analysis. [online]. Available from www.capetown.gov.za. [accessed 3 August 2009.] • Unknown Author (October 2008) Cape Town Mayor voted as best in the world