Sociology Study Notes
Chapter 1
Sociology
-The Study of Human Behavior in Society
The Classical Sociological Thinkers • Auguste Comte: Introduced the term “sociology” / Founder Catalyst for, “modernism”: the belief in evolutionary progress through the application of science • Alexis de Tocqueville: A French social theorist. Believed that democracy can either enhance or erode individual liberty. • Karl Marx: Believed that class was the organizing principle of social life; all other divisions would eventually become class divisions; The Communist Manifesto • Emile Durkeim: Master of Sociological inquiry. He searched for distinctly social origins of even most individual and personal of issues. Mechanical Solidarity: Life is uniform and people are similar; share a common culture. Organic Solidarity: common values are present but less obvious Four types of suicide:
|Egotistic |Anomic |Altruistic |Fatalistic |
|Individual kills him or her self|The person floats in a sense of |A suicide that resulted from too|A suicide in which people feel |
|because he or she does not feel |normlessness and doesn’t know |much integration aka suicide |overregulated, trapped by rules |
|connected to a group |the rules that govern social |bombers |that are not of their own making|
| |life | | |
• George Simmel: Was on a quest for a subject matter for sociology that would distinguish it from the other social sciences and the humanistic disciplines.
The American Sociological Thinkers • Thorstein Veblen: Argued that America was split in two, between the “productive”-those who work- and the “pecuniary” –those who have money. Divided Americans into workers and owners, respectively. • Lester Ward: one of the founders
Sociology
-The Study of Human Behavior in Society
The Classical Sociological Thinkers • Auguste Comte: Introduced the term “sociology” / Founder Catalyst for, “modernism”: the belief in evolutionary progress through the application of science • Alexis de Tocqueville: A French social theorist. Believed that democracy can either enhance or erode individual liberty. • Karl Marx: Believed that class was the organizing principle of social life; all other divisions would eventually become class divisions; The Communist Manifesto • Emile Durkeim: Master of Sociological inquiry. He searched for distinctly social origins of even most individual and personal of issues. Mechanical Solidarity: Life is uniform and people are similar; share a common culture. Organic Solidarity: common values are present but less obvious Four types of suicide:
|Egotistic |Anomic |Altruistic |Fatalistic |
|Individual kills him or her self|The person floats in a sense of |A suicide that resulted from too|A suicide in which people feel |
|because he or she does not feel |normlessness and doesn’t know |much integration aka suicide |overregulated, trapped by rules |
|connected to a group |the rules that govern social |bombers |that are not of their own making|
| |life | | |
• George Simmel: Was on a quest for a subject matter for sociology that would distinguish it from the other social sciences and the humanistic disciplines.
The American Sociological Thinkers • Thorstein Veblen: Argued that America was split in two, between the “productive”-those who work- and the “pecuniary” –those who have money. Divided Americans into workers and owners, respectively. • Lester Ward: one of the founders