Solubility Of Toluene Lab Report

We reached our goals through our experimentation. We tested the solubility of each of the starting and ending materials in water, HCl, NaOH, toluene, and acetone. We discovered that the starting materials would only dissolve in toluene. To make the soap, we obtained about 10 mL of vegetable oil and 10 g of lard and we placed them both in separate 250 mL beakers. While we were stirring the compounds, we also added 15 mL of 6 M NaOH drop by drop and 1 mL of glycerol. We then heated our solutions to boiling on a hot plate. Once the mixture became pasty, we took it off the plate and let it cool. We added about 50 mL of a saturated NaCl solution and ice while continuing to stir. After this, we filtered the soap out using suction filtration
We used pond water, tap water, and well water to see if the products could dissolve in different kinds of water. The detergent and the soap were insoluble in normal tap water. However, they were both partially soluble in both well water and pond water. This is because the pHs of both well water and pond water are off from 7. We knew this because we had flame tested the water before we tested it. When we flame tested the well water, it gave off a green flame, showing that calcium is present. We had a bit of an error with the pond water, when we tested it, it showed no color change, but it was supposed to give off a red flame. The red flame indicates
We could not get exactly 10 g of NaCl, it was more like 9.92g, which is very close. However this could have prevented the ice bath from being exactly how cold it needed to be or made us stir a little longer. We also ran out of larger beakers and had to substitute smaller ones. While we are fairly certain all of our measurements are exact, the level that the ice came up to was difficult to determine. It is possible we added too much or too little ice. Since this is only the preliminary report, we do not yet have all our results from the lathering tests. We do know that detergents don’t leave a scum like soaps do, but we cannot yet draw conclusions as to which is completely better for the