Soaps And Detergents Lab Report

Discussion The main purpose of this lab was to synthesize four soaps and two detergents and determine which one would be the best for an environmental group to use in the event of an oil spill.1 To complete this task, five subgoals had to be achieved first.
To find the solubility of the fats, oils, soaps, and detergents, each of them were placed into different solvents to see if they dissolved. None of the oils and fats were soluble in water (H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), or hydrochloric acid (HCl), but they were soluble in toluene and partly soluble in acetone. Testing the soaps and detergents for their solubility in water is the most important solubility test because they should form a lather that allows them to clean easily. Most of the soaps and detergents did not readily dissolve in water, but with agitation they all began to break apart. The lard soap was the least soluble in water, while detergent 2 was the most. All of the rest of the soap and detergents were only slightly soluble when initially placed in the water. Detergent 2 was the most soluble in many of the other solvents while lard was the least. All of the soaps and detergents except detergent 2 were not soluble in both NaOH and HCl. Detergent 2 was slightly soluble in these two substances. While
The first is that the soap lessens the surface tension of the water so that it wets what needs to be cleaned in a more efficient manner.5 The second involves the molecular structure of the soap. Soaps have a hydrophilic (water-loving) end, the carboxylic acid region, and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) region, the fatty acid chain.1 This causes the soap molecules work like a bar magnet. The water is attracted to the hydrophilic end and the oil is attracted to the hydrophobic end since it is nonpolar. The oil particles get broken apart and washed away.5 Detergents also have a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end,1 so they work in a similar