Talcott Parsons saw socialization as the process through which, individuals developed and internalized a sense of norms and values. Parsons theorized that there were three stages of socialization, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. After one has gone through these stages of development, an individual may go through a re-socialization process, and this happens in different stages through life, for example; they retire, become unemployed or institutionalized. Parsons noted that each stage of socialization had its’ own way of helping an individual internalize social norms and values.
Parsons concepts of socialization are a fusion of personality development and functionalism.
Primary Socialization
The first level of socialization comes at the primary level where a child is developing personality characteristics, beliefs and values based on their upbringing. A child will adopt attitudes and beliefs based on their family and their parents. Primary socialization occurs in the family home. Parents generally have a goal or an expectation of the way they want their child to develop.
Secondary Socialization
The secondary socialization level occurs when an individual is learning about what is acceptable and what is not acceptable. It usually occurs on a small group level to teenagers and young adults. This level of socialization enables one to become more aware of what the larger society expects of them.
Tertiary Socialization
The tertiary level of socialization occurs when an individual has integrated into the world and beings to gain new ideas and values of socialization.
Socialization
Socialization is predominately an unconscious process by which a newborn child learns the values, beliefs, rules and regulations of society or internalizes the culture in which it is born. Socialization, in fact, includes learning of three important processes: (1) cognitive; (2) affective, and (3) evaluative. In other words, socialization