In 1631, Shah Jahan, emperor during the Mughal Empire’s period of greatest prosperity, was grief-stricken when his third wife, a Persian princess, died during the birth of their 14th child. Construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632. The Taj Mahal incorporates and expands on design traditions of Persian architecture and some Mughal architecture. The tomb is the central focus of the entire complex of the Taj Mahal. The tombs them self’s took 10 years. The exterior decorations of the Taj Mahal are among the finest in Mughal architecture. A complex 980 feet garden taken care to this day.
Soon after the Taj Mahal's completion, Shah Jahan was deposed by his son and put under house arrest at nearby Agra Fort. Upon Shah Jahan's death, his son buried him next to his wife. By the late 19th century, parts of the buildings had fallen badly into disrepair. During the time of the Indian rebellion of 1857, the Taj Mahal was defaced by British soldiers and government officials, who chiseled out precious stones and gems from its walls. At the end of the 19th century, British king ordered a restoration project, which was completed in 1908. He also commissioned the large lamp in the interior chamber, of the mosque. During this time the garden was remodeled with British-style lawns that are still in place today.
The Taj Mahal attracts a large number of tourists. UNESCO documented more than 2 million visitors in 2001, including more than 200,000 from