Test 3
Chapter Learning Objectives
Chapter 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants
Concept 30.1: Seeds and pollen grains are key adaptations for life on land
• Name five terrestrial adaptations that contributed to the success of seed plants.
1) Seed
2) Reduction of gametophyte generation (dominant is sporophyte)
-tiny gametophytes can develop in sporangia of the parental sporophytes which protect them from UV and from drying out
3) Heterospory (mega and micro) -mega- female, part of ovule -micro- male that develops into pollen grain and enters ovule 4) Ovules have integument which protects
5) Pollen enter ovules with female megaspores and germenate
• Compare the size and independence of the gametophytes of bryophytes with those of seed plants. o Seedless vascular plants have tiny gametophytes that are visible to the naked eye --- The gametophytes of seed plants are microscopically small and develop from spores in the sporangia of the parental sporophyte. o The gametophytes of seed plants obtain nutrients from their parents, while the gametophytes of seedless vascular plants must fend for themselves
• Describe the ovule of a seed plant.
An ovule of a seed plant consists of the megasporangium, megaspores, and integuments
• Explain why pollen grains were an important adaptation for successful reproduction on land.
Pollen grains were an important adaptation because the evolution of pollen allowed for pollination and contributed to the diversity of seed plants
Basically like pollen allowed for sexual reproduction so there could be diversity
• Explain how a seed can be said to include contributions from three distinct generations.
1) Seeds can survive harsh conditions through dormancy
2) Distributed far from their parent sporophyte (or close depending)
3) Multicellular.
Concept 30.2: Gymnosperms bear “naked” seeds, typically on cones
• List and distinguish the four phyla of gymnosperms.
1) Phylum Ginkgophyta
Chapter 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants
Concept 30.1: Seeds and pollen grains are key adaptations for life on land
• Name five terrestrial adaptations that contributed to the success of seed plants.
1) Seed
2) Reduction of gametophyte generation (dominant is sporophyte)
-tiny gametophytes can develop in sporangia of the parental sporophytes which protect them from UV and from drying out
3) Heterospory (mega and micro) -mega- female, part of ovule -micro- male that develops into pollen grain and enters ovule 4) Ovules have integument which protects
5) Pollen enter ovules with female megaspores and germenate
• Compare the size and independence of the gametophytes of bryophytes with those of seed plants. o Seedless vascular plants have tiny gametophytes that are visible to the naked eye --- The gametophytes of seed plants are microscopically small and develop from spores in the sporangia of the parental sporophyte. o The gametophytes of seed plants obtain nutrients from their parents, while the gametophytes of seedless vascular plants must fend for themselves
• Describe the ovule of a seed plant.
An ovule of a seed plant consists of the megasporangium, megaspores, and integuments
• Explain why pollen grains were an important adaptation for successful reproduction on land.
Pollen grains were an important adaptation because the evolution of pollen allowed for pollination and contributed to the diversity of seed plants
Basically like pollen allowed for sexual reproduction so there could be diversity
• Explain how a seed can be said to include contributions from three distinct generations.
1) Seeds can survive harsh conditions through dormancy
2) Distributed far from their parent sporophyte (or close depending)
3) Multicellular.
Concept 30.2: Gymnosperms bear “naked” seeds, typically on cones
• List and distinguish the four phyla of gymnosperms.
1) Phylum Ginkgophyta