After many years of being nomads, the Aztecs decided to establish in the Valley of Mexico. The Aztecs moved there because of a prophecy by Huitzilopochtli, their main god. In the prophecy, Huitzilipochtli promised his people that they would have a city of their own some day, but they had to find a specific place to build it. To find this special place, they looked for an eagle, perched on a cactus, holding a snake. After some time they had to settle down peacefully until they gained strength and were able use this peaceful time to build a glorious Aztec city. The Aztecs built the city of Tenochtitlan, which became the capital of the Aztec empire. If we observe Mexico’s flag we can see in the middle of the flag the eagle, perched on a cactus, holding a snake. This prophecy has become one of the biggest symbols in Mexico’s history.
One of the most important achievements of the Aztecs was the “Aztec calendar”. They based their calendar in astronomic observation, as well as the seasons of the year, and that is how they developed an amazing sense of cyclic time. The Aztecs had two calendars: the calendar with 365 days and the calendar of 260. It is impressive to think that the calendar we use now a days is based on the one the Aztec develop hundreds years ago. The accuracy the Aztec developed with astronomy and observation is remarkable and worthy of recognition. The famous calendar stone is a brilliant combination of artistry and geometry. It reflects the Aztec understanding of time and space as wheels within wheels. The detailed surface of the stone combines the understanding of the gods the people had created over the centuries as well as their observations of the heavens. Another achievement that made the Aztec’s famous was the Chinampas system they used to farm. Since Tenochtitlan was built on swampy but rich ground, the Chinampas became key to the food production of the people. The Chinampas are floating gardens built