Secondly, through this process I intend on being able to analyze where possible ways of addressing this critique may exist, and, drawing from the secondary literature, discuss ways that approaches to this critique may be useful in addressing the emptiness critique comprehensively. The formalist interpretation holds that moral law is a formal acknowledgement that is able to guide moral action. For example, Silber sees the formulation of universal law in accordance with nature and in harmony with Kant’s purpose as of providing the content for the rationality of the procedure. Rawls states that moral content does not directly come from the ends or values; rather it rests on a special term of rationality and social-political background. O'Neill advocates a formula for universal law as the canonical case of universality test, by showing how achieving consistency of action in the approach of textually-close could recognize of Kant’s universality test. The non-formalist interpretation contends …show more content…
In this section, I will focus on how formal or non-formal elements or expressions in Kant’s ethics can be related, although these instances are considerably complicated. This review will provide a comprehensive contextual understanding revealing why critics lodge formalism and emptiness arguments against Kant’s CI. I argue that the ambivalences associated with formalists expressions are generally found in the first and second formulations of CI. Although Kant’s later ethical writings introduce tension to the sustained ambivalence of his views; I will demonstrate that via an extended philosophical search Kant abandoned the mere formalistic