Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a revolutionary as well as a notable thinker; through out his life he worked on politics, economics, philosophy, sociology, class struggle and history but for the most part he dedicated his life to the overthrow of the capitalist order, which he accused as responsible for the degradation and enslavement of the vast mass of its population. Marx was the Co-founder of Marxism(with Engels), the Theory of Surplus Value, alienation and exploitation of the worker, The Communist Manifesto, Das Kapital, Materialist conception of history. Marx worked on his intellectual work started under the influence of G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) who in the 19th Century Germany was the dominating philosophy. The Young Marx was, during this time, mostly concentrated on criticizing the ideas of political economists and analyzed things from a more humanistic and philosophical point of view. The older Marx had a clear preoccupation with economic analysis and there was again arguably, a disappearance of Hegelian terms in his writings.
Marx was straight forward in his approach to capitalism and argued that the capitalist system just like the previous socioeconomic system will inevitably produce internal tensions which will lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, he believed socialism will, in its turn, replace capitalism, and lead to a stateless, classless society called pure communism. This would emerge after a transitional period called the "dictatorship of the proletariat": a period sometimes referred to as the "workers state" or "workers ' democracy". His views and stance could be better understand by his comments in section one of the Communist Manifesto of feudalism, capitalism, and the role internal social contradiction plays in the historical process; "We see then: the means of production and of exchange, on whose foundation the
Bibliography: (1). Karl Marx “The Communist Manifesto”, chapter 1 http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm (2). Peter J. Martin, W.W. Sharrock, John A. Hughes, 1999, “Understanding Classical Sociology: Marx, Webber, Durkheim”, London: (3). Justin Schwartz, 7 December 1994, “What is wrong with exploitation?”, “Nous 29”, pp.158-188. (4). John E. Roemer (5). Secondary sources: http://www.wikipedia.org/ http://www.docstoc.com/