The Effects of Acousticai Phenomenon on Determing the Echolocation Capabilities of the Bottlenose Dolphin
Report
On:
THE EFFECTS OF ACOUSTICAL PHENOMENON ON DETERMING THE ECHOLOCATION CAPABILITIES OF THE BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN
Submitted
To
The University of Queensland, Mechanical Engineering Department
Prepared by:
Anna Katharina Cosgrove
31st May 2007
INTRODUCTION
Echolocation & in dolphin (frequency range/distance range) 1. Sound spectrum 2. Frequency Range
Affects of Underwater Acoustic environment on Studies
1. Sound transmission loss 2. Refraction 3. Mixed layer 4. Reverberation 5. Noise bandwidth considerations 6. Active and Passive Sonar 7. Surface reflections
Specific experimental techniques analysis 1.
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
1. Purpose of Report
The purpose of this paper is to discuss underwater acoustics phenomenon in regards to investigations carried out into the capabilities of the echolocation system of the bottlenose dolphin, Triosops truncatus. It is trying to evaluate, examine and compare existing research that expands the knowledge of the animal’s sonar system and its link to oceanic acoustics.
2. Structure of Literature Review
‘Previous research and writing is known as the literature’ (Ticehurst & Veal 2000, p. 59). The literature is a fruitful source of ideas, theories and concepts about a topic, thus reviewing literature assists researchers to expand their understanding of the proposed topic, helps to focus the research and might even help to identify an appropriate research method or instrument.
The information for a literature review can come from various sources such as books, articles in academic journals, practitioner journals and magazines, and articles in conference proceedings (Cavaye et al. 2004). The sources identified for this report of “The effects of acoustical phenomenon on the and echolocation capabilities of the Bottlenose Dolphin” are the acoustical journals: Journal of Acoustical Society of America and Acoustics Australia. In
On:
THE EFFECTS OF ACOUSTICAL PHENOMENON ON DETERMING THE ECHOLOCATION CAPABILITIES OF THE BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN
Submitted
To
The University of Queensland, Mechanical Engineering Department
Prepared by:
Anna Katharina Cosgrove
31st May 2007
INTRODUCTION
Echolocation & in dolphin (frequency range/distance range) 1. Sound spectrum 2. Frequency Range
Affects of Underwater Acoustic environment on Studies
1. Sound transmission loss 2. Refraction 3. Mixed layer 4. Reverberation 5. Noise bandwidth considerations 6. Active and Passive Sonar 7. Surface reflections
Specific experimental techniques analysis 1.
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
1. Purpose of Report
The purpose of this paper is to discuss underwater acoustics phenomenon in regards to investigations carried out into the capabilities of the echolocation system of the bottlenose dolphin, Triosops truncatus. It is trying to evaluate, examine and compare existing research that expands the knowledge of the animal’s sonar system and its link to oceanic acoustics.
2. Structure of Literature Review
‘Previous research and writing is known as the literature’ (Ticehurst & Veal 2000, p. 59). The literature is a fruitful source of ideas, theories and concepts about a topic, thus reviewing literature assists researchers to expand their understanding of the proposed topic, helps to focus the research and might even help to identify an appropriate research method or instrument.
The information for a literature review can come from various sources such as books, articles in academic journals, practitioner journals and magazines, and articles in conference proceedings (Cavaye et al. 2004). The sources identified for this report of “The effects of acoustical phenomenon on the and echolocation capabilities of the Bottlenose Dolphin” are the acoustical journals: Journal of Acoustical Society of America and Acoustics Australia. In
Bibliography: Caruthers, Jerald W. Fundamentals of Marine Acoustic. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1977. Burdic, William S. Underwater Acoustic System Analysis. , Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984. Bies, Davis A. and Hansen, Colin H. Engineering Noise Control: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. London: Spon Press, 2003. Beer, David and McMurrey, David. A Guide to Writing as an Engineer. 2nd ed. United States of America: John Wiley & Sons, 2005. Au, Whitlow. (2004). The Sonar of Dolphions. Acoustics Australia, 32, 61-63. Au, Whitlow W.L. and Floyd, Robert W. and Penner, Ralph H. and Murchison, A. Earl. (1974).Measurement of echolocation signals of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncates Montagu, in open waters. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 56, 1280-1290. Au, Whitlow W.L. and Floyd Robert W. and Haun, Jeffrey E. (1978). Propagation of Atlantic bottlenose dolphin echolocation signals. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 64(2), 411-422. Auber, Roland and Au, Whitlow W.L. and Nachtigall, Paul E. and Pawloski, Deborah A. and DeLong, Caroline M. (2000). Classification of electronically generated phantom targets by an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 107(5), 2750-2754. Au, Whitlow W.L. and Hammer, Clifford E. (1980). Porpoise echo-recognition: An analysis of controlling target characteristics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 68(5), 1285-1293.