The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
The eukaryotic cell cycle is the process that starts just as a cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell and then carried on until its own cell division (Simon, Dickey, Reece, page 125). The first stage involved in the eukaryotic cell cycle is called interphase. Interphase is the period between divisions that has 3 separate phases. The first phase in interphase is G1, where G stands for gap, and in this phase the growth of cell parts occurs and materials needed for transcription, translation and DNA replication are made and if given the signal, preparation for S-phase occurs in this phase (Mrs. Weiland, 11/16/15). The second phase of interphase is S-Phase, or DNA synthesis, which is where DNA replication occurs. The chromosomes duplicate
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There is two stages in M-phase; the first stage is called mitosis. Mitosis is the nuclear division of the cell, separating the two copies of the genome and forming daughter nuclei. There are four stages in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Multiple changes occur in prophase including the coiling of the chromatin into chromosomes, the disappearance of the nuclear envelope and nucleoli, the migration of the centrosomes toward opposite poles and the construction of spindle apparatus, which are composed of protein fibers called microtubules. The next stage is called metaphase, where the chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell because the microtubules push and pull them there. The third stage, anaphase, consists of sister chromatids separating and being pulled toward opposite poles. The last phase of mitosis is telophase, which is when the chromosomes uncoil resulting in chromatin. During telophase two new nuclear enveloped appear and spindle apparatus breaks down (Mrs. Weiland, 11/19/15).
The second and final stage of M-phase is cytokinesis. This can occur during or after the last stage of mitosis, telophase. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is divided in two. In animals, a cleavage furrow divides the cell in two (Simon, Dickey, Reece, page 125). In plants, a new cell wall is constructed which creates the cell plate (Mrs. Weiland,
There is two stages in M-phase; the first stage is called mitosis. Mitosis is the nuclear division of the cell, separating the two copies of the genome and forming daughter nuclei. There are four stages in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Multiple changes occur in prophase including the coiling of the chromatin into chromosomes, the disappearance of the nuclear envelope and nucleoli, the migration of the centrosomes toward opposite poles and the construction of spindle apparatus, which are composed of protein fibers called microtubules. The next stage is called metaphase, where the chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell because the microtubules push and pull them there. The third stage, anaphase, consists of sister chromatids separating and being pulled toward opposite poles. The last phase of mitosis is telophase, which is when the chromosomes uncoil resulting in chromatin. During telophase two new nuclear enveloped appear and spindle apparatus breaks down (Mrs. Weiland, 11/19/15).
The second and final stage of M-phase is cytokinesis. This can occur during or after the last stage of mitosis, telophase. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell is divided in two. In animals, a cleavage furrow divides the cell in two (Simon, Dickey, Reece, page 125). In plants, a new cell wall is constructed which creates the cell plate (Mrs. Weiland,