Feminism is a struggle against sexist oppression. The feminist movement is how women’s rights and status in the world have changed over the years. Series of campaigns were done for issues such as, reproductive rights, equal pay, sexual violence, domestic violence and many more.
The movement is separated into 3 waves; the first, the second and the third.
The First Wave
The first wave is based on women’s suffrage during the 19th-early 20th centuries. In Britain, the Suffragists and the Suffragettes campaigned between 1897 and 1928. They used militant tactics such as; hunger strikes, chaining themselves to railings, smashing windows and causing fires. It took them many years before some women (over 30 and met certain property qualifications) were granted the right to vote in 1918. The suffragettes were very unpopular. Most people believed that women shouldn’t be given the vote. When ‘World War 1’ began in 1914, the leader of the Suffragettes, Emmeline Pankhurst, instructed the women to stop campaigning and instead help the government and its war effort. It was because of all the women’s work during the war that they were granted the right to vote in 1918. Ten years later, all women (over the age of 21) were granted the right to vote.
In the United States, the National Woman’s Party helped to pass the ‘Nineteen Amendment to the United States Constitution’ in 1920 - which legalized the right for women to vote.
The Second Wave
The second wave was concerned with gender inequality, focussing on seeking the end of discrimination during the 1960s-1980s. The movement encouraged women to understand that they were being treated differently and wrongly to men. Their lives were being controlled by the law, which was stopping them from being able to do the same thing that their husbands were allowed to do.
The ‘Women’s Health Movement’ occurred during the 1960s-1970s and involved several groups; the Boston Women's Health Book Collective, the