The Formation of the English Nation and the English Language.
Lection N 1
The formation of the English Nation and the English Language.
1. Celtic invasion and its influence. 2. Roman invasion and its influence. 3. Anglo-Saxon invasion and its influence. 4. The spread of Christianity. 5. Danish invasion and its influence. 6. Norman invasion and its influence. 7. The formation of the English language. Different borrowings.
1. During the period from the 6th to the 3rd century B.C. a people called the Celts spread across Europe from the east to the west. Some Celtic tribes invaded Britain. Celtic tribes called the Picts penetrated into the mountains on the North; some Picts as well as tribes of Scots crossed over to Ireland and settled there. Later the Scots returned to the larger island and settled in the North beside the Picts. They came in such large numbers that in time the mane of Scotland was given to the country. Powerful Celtic tribes, the Britons, held most of the country, and the southern half of the island was named Britain after them. Today the words “Briton” and “British” refer to the people of the whole of the British Isles. The Iberians, who inhabited Britain, were unable to fight back the attacks of the Celts; some of them were driven westwards into the mountains of what is now Wales and the others mixed with the Celts. The Celts had no towns; they lived in villages. They were acquainted with the use of copper, tin and iron, and they kept large herds of cattle and sheep. They also cultivated crops, especially corn. The life of the Celts differed greatly from that of the Iberians. But both the Iberians and the Celts lived under the primitive system. In the last centuries B.C. and in the first centuries. A. D. The Celts were in a period of transition from primitive communal society to class society. The elders, military leaders and their warriors made up the tribal nobility. They began to seize much land for themselves and they had more cattle than the other members of the
The formation of the English Nation and the English Language.
1. Celtic invasion and its influence. 2. Roman invasion and its influence. 3. Anglo-Saxon invasion and its influence. 4. The spread of Christianity. 5. Danish invasion and its influence. 6. Norman invasion and its influence. 7. The formation of the English language. Different borrowings.
1. During the period from the 6th to the 3rd century B.C. a people called the Celts spread across Europe from the east to the west. Some Celtic tribes invaded Britain. Celtic tribes called the Picts penetrated into the mountains on the North; some Picts as well as tribes of Scots crossed over to Ireland and settled there. Later the Scots returned to the larger island and settled in the North beside the Picts. They came in such large numbers that in time the mane of Scotland was given to the country. Powerful Celtic tribes, the Britons, held most of the country, and the southern half of the island was named Britain after them. Today the words “Briton” and “British” refer to the people of the whole of the British Isles. The Iberians, who inhabited Britain, were unable to fight back the attacks of the Celts; some of them were driven westwards into the mountains of what is now Wales and the others mixed with the Celts. The Celts had no towns; they lived in villages. They were acquainted with the use of copper, tin and iron, and they kept large herds of cattle and sheep. They also cultivated crops, especially corn. The life of the Celts differed greatly from that of the Iberians. But both the Iberians and the Celts lived under the primitive system. In the last centuries B.C. and in the first centuries. A. D. The Celts were in a period of transition from primitive communal society to class society. The elders, military leaders and their warriors made up the tribal nobility. They began to seize much land for themselves and they had more cattle than the other members of the