Even though Marlow’s unrealistic depiction of Kurtz has been shattered by Kurtz’s cruelty, he believes that Kurtz achieved a “moral victory” in the battle with death. In a contest “without clamour, without glory, without the great desire, without the great fear of desire,” Kurtz achieved what Marlow fears he may not be able to do: “He had something to say. He said it.” In his final moments, Kurtz realized the cruelty of his own actions and, in this realization, weakly speaks the words “The horror!” When Marlow came within “ a hair’s breath” of death, he faced the humiliation that he might have nothing to say; therefore, Kurtz’s final “pronouncement” is of so much value to Marlow that it keeps him “loyal to Kurtz to the last.” Marlow believes that life is a riddle which baffles all men and that death is an adversary that every men must wrestle with. Conrad’s use of metaphor to depict Kurtz’s final struggle with life highlights the importance of Kurtz’s “moral victory” to Marlow. The notion of defeat or victory in the “unexciting contest” of life emphasizes that Marlow admires the strength Kurtz shows in his final…
Darkness, in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, functions as a dynamic extension of Marlow’s altering values. Prevailing at its attempts in conveying the various phases of Marlow’s changing mindset, darkness provides a breeding ground for contention—mainly, the questioning of its inherent meaning as the plot and text unfold to form a myriad of clashing ideologies. Despite what many consider to represent solely the depths of human indecency, darkness pushes the bounds of that conclusion and takes on the many forms of greed, despondency, primitivism, and eternal damnation as Marlow’s feelings begin to conflict with standard European ideology. Marlow, perhaps the most complex character, finds himself in the middle of this debate with the eventual…
In the book Heart of Darkness there are several aspects to imperialism. As Marlow travels from the Outer Station to the Central Station and finally up the river to the Inner Station, he encounters scenes of torture, cruelty, and near-slavery. At the very least, the incidental scenery of the book offers a harsh picture of colonial enterprise. The impetus behind Marlow's adventures, too, has to do with the hypocrisy inherent in the rhetoric used to justify imperialism. The men who work for the Company describe what they do as "trade," and their treatment of native Africans is part of a benevolent project of "civilization." Kurtz, on the other hand, is open about the fact that he does not trade but rather takes ivory by force, and he describes his own treatment of the natives with the words "suppression" and "extermination": he does not hide the fact that he rules through violence and intimidation. His perverse honesty leads to his downfall, as his success threatens to expose the evil practices behind European activity in Africa. However, for Marlow as much as for Kurtz or for the Company, Africans in this book are mostly objects: Marlow refers to his helmsman as a piece of machinery, and Kurtz's African mistress is at best a piece of statuary. It can be argued that Heart of Darkness participates in an oppression of nonwhites that is much more sinister and much harder to remedy than the open abuses of Kurtz or the Company's men."Everything belonged…
Kurtz represents the id, or the need to satisfy one’s instinct, while Marlow represents the ego, or one’s unconscious. Freud’s theory of repression as well as his ideas of dreams accurately analyze the purpose of Marlow and Kurtz’s psychological changes. This novel revolves around the idea that our subconscious has a more than important role in the actions that we take everyday, and if one’s psyche is thrown off balance it can have a permanent and potentially dangerous effect. This effect can be seen through the way in which Marlow and Kurtz had progressed as characters. Conrad is demonstrating the idea that all of us have an inner desire that we would like to succumb to and that the smallest change in environment or mindset can lead us to turn to our ‘hearts of…
In Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness, the geographical surrounding shape the psychological and moral traits in Kurtz, one of the characters of the novel. Especially because it shows the savagery, and lawless environment of the uncivilized lands, which allows Kurtz to almost forget all the European ways, and it also illuminates the work as a whole by bringing the question of what would happen to us if we were to be taken from a civilized world to an uncivilized world.…
As the ship sits at anchor on the Thames, Marlow is reminded of the past. The Thames is a "waterway . . . to the utmost ends of the earth"; the river represents the "spirit of the past." Why has the Thames been 'one of the dark places"? What is the significance of the reference to the invasions of the Romans?…
The main theme of the novel Heart of Darkness is the darkness of the human nature and its destructive influence on human beings. This research paper aims to analyze the character and personal downfall of Kurtz and use him as an example for the darkness of the human nature. It will show how easily a man can experience bad fate; Kurtz was an ambitious man full of hope who came to Africa in search for wealth and fortune and ended up going insane and dying.…
Some critics believe that in Heart of Darkness Conrad illustrates how ‘’the darkness of the landscape can lead to the darkness of the social corruption.” This statement means that if the environment is dark, then the people in that environment will match the surrounding feeling, which is dark and depressing. For example, if it is a gloomy rainy day, most people feel tired and not as happy. If it is a bright sunny day, the most people feel motivated to get things done and joyful. Yes, this statement is believable because I have noticed that the weather, my surroundings, and even other people’s behaviors around me affect my mood. Today, for instance, it rained all day and the sky was dark, as a result I slept throughout the whole day. So my environment changed my mood negatively. – “It made you feel very small, very lost, and yet it was not altogether depressing, that feeling.” When riding along the river.…
Darkness is also the inability to see the “dark” reality and failure in an individual. Marlow is telling Intended the false last words of Kurtz. He lies to Kurtz’s Intended by telling her that his last words were not “The horror!” but rather crying her name. Marlo has seen some of the worst horrors of the Congo and does not want to carry the darkness of the real world into Kurtz’s Intended’s idealistic world where she is completely clueless about Kurtz’s true nature. Kurtz’s Intended further supports the symbolism of women as symbols of society’s blindness to its own hollowness. Marlow realizes that he can’t bring himself to make Kurtz’s Intended see the “dark” reality.…
Heart of Darkness tells the tale of a man named Marlow and his quest to find the almost mythical figure of Kurtz. Kurtz is a station chief working for a Dutch trading company at the very end of the Congo river. Kurtz, along with the other station chiefs who are working at various stations along the Congo river, are charged to harvest the plentiful natural resources of the large African continent, primarily ivory. Marlow, who is an experienced sailor and river boat pilot, is charged by the company that employs Kurtz to lead an expedition into the heart of the African Congo to find Kurtz and figure out why he has stopped shipping ivory. Marlow eventually finds his man, only to discover that Kurtz has slipped into madness. Kurtz dies on the trip back out of Africa, only to utter his last words, “The horror! The horror!”. Kurtz has also scribbled all over his report which he was to turn in to his superiors on the situation and people of the African continent. The scribbling read “EXTERMINATE ALL THE BRUTES”. These two phrases hold important meaning in Heart of Darkness, as it describes how Kurtz really felt at the end of his journey.…
(Chapter 1) Going towards the Heart of Darkness a five-man crew—The Director, The Accountant, The Lawyer, the 1st narrator, and Charlie Marlow, travel on a sailboat named the Nellie through the Thames River, in London, England. Marlow thought about when the Romans traveled on the same river years ago when they were going to conquer Britain, that was the last time light was present and everything became dark. Marlow begins reminiscing about his past; as a little boy, Marlow had a fascination for maps, he would choose places he wanted to travel that caught his interest. The Congo River was one place he was most interested in, but became the darkest experience he faced.…
According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, the definition of the verb to lie is to make an untrue statement with intent to deceive. In the novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, Marlow lies to Kurtz’s Intended. When asked by Kurtz’s Intended what Kurtz’s last words were, Marlow replies “‘The last word he pronounced was – your name’” (75). Marlow lies to Kurtz’s Intended by telling her that Kurtz’s last name was her name, while Marlow knows that Kurtz’s true last words were “‘The horror! The horror!’” (68). Why does Marlow lie to Kurtz's Intended about Kurtz's last words? Why not tell her the truth, or tell her that Kurtz had no last words, instead of confirming her sentimental ideas?…
For example, when the Russian is attempting to defend the reputation of Kurtz he states, “Kurtz declared he would shoot me unless I gave him the ivory…” (Conrad 51). It is certain that the darkness has axiomatically surrounded Kurtz. Kurtz has been surrounded by the evil of the Congo for such an elongated period of time that he has become consumed by his greed, becoming blind to truth. Furthermore, immediately after Marlow lies to the brickmaker about who requested the rivets he proclaims, “You know I hate, detest, and can’t bear a lie, not because I am straighter than the rest of us, but simply because it appalls me” (Conrad 25).…
Kurtz is “a remarkable man”(70). The reason why Mr. Kurtz, a star agency of Company who works in true ivory country, went to Africa and killed natives to get ivories to pleasure his fiancée. In a word, Mr. Kurtz kill people because of love. Mr. Kurtz was an ambitious and charismatic person, which because Mr. Kurtz “All Europe contributed to the making of Kurtz, and by and by I learned that most appropriately the International Society for the Suppression of Savage Customs had entrusted him with the making of a report for its future guidance.”(49) Somehow, in Mr. Kurtz’s deep heart, he “struggled with a soul”(66) and “being alone in the wilderness” (66). In Mr. Kurtz’s heart “the night did not seem to last an hour, everything! Everything! Of love too!”(55) Before Mr. Kurtz die, it is obvious that Mr. Kurtz felt regret about killing people, at least we know Mr. Kurtz’s “soul was mad” (66). Mr. Kurtz kept saying “horror, horror”(69). After all, Mr. Kurtz “was the expression of some sort of belief”(70). In Mr. Kurtz’s deep heart, he knew he was doing the wrong thing to kill people, and he struggled with his soul, he did everything for love, and the love is pure and divine. In another hand Mr. Kurtz is remarkable man, the reason he got into darkness is love. Therefore, the Heart of Darkness is not darkness, but light side…
Conrad 's story is obviously about more than a bad trip into the jungle. In several respects, it is a "study on the effects of man 's isolation from the civilized world, represented by Kurtz" (Miller 129). The title "Heart of Darkness" the name itself implies a sense of unknown evil, and invokes thoughts of secrecy and mystery. It paints paradoxes of seemingly clear concepts and states, such as the mental condition of central character Kurtz, an enigmatic ivory trader deep in the heart of the "Dark Continent."…