THE 3 PILLARS OF THE BIG BANG THEORY
In the beginning there was nothing-no time to describe ‘when’ or no space to fill matter in. From this void sprung our universe when time and space came into existence as one entity. Despite its name the big bang theory isn’t really a theory about a bang at all. It is really only a theory about the aftermath of a bang (Allen Guth). The Big Bang theory is widely accepted by modern scientists, some however still doubt its validity. The Big bang theory relies mainly upon the explanation and proof of the following four discoveries ( For the purpose of this essay I will only be discussing the first 3 events):
1) The proportions of elements in the early universe vs. in the present universe
2) The cosmic microwave background
3) The expansion of universe
4) The structure formation in universe
The big bang theory as initially proposed by Georges Lemaitre states that the universe started as an extremely hot and dense ‘primeval atom’ and the explosion of this atom caused it to expand which till today continues. Later George Gamow developed the idea of big bang further and proposed that eventually the universe cooled and drew a conclusion that we can predict the following:
1) Due to the intense conditions during the early stages of the universe the atomic nuclei should have been altered and hence the proportions of different elements in the universe today should be reflective of the happenings during these early stages, and
2) The left over radiation from the bang should be still present in the universe today and we should be able to detect and measure it.
These conclusions drawn by Gamow have been since confirmed by various observations and are considered 2 of the 4 main pillars the support the Big Bang theory.
Gamow with the help of Ralph Alpher worked out some nuclear equations with mathematical detail that could have occurred under the intense conditions of early universe