Hasdrubal: Carthaginian general who lost the 3rd Punic War to Scipio Aemilianus at the Siege of Carthage in 146 BCE.…
In 1000 BCE, a group of Latins, later known as Romans, founded the city of Rome. After almost 500 years of it being founded, the Romans set up a republic. They gained territory by force, beginning with the Italian peninsula and then easily moving to the Mediterranean region. The Romans launched a series of three wars, known as the Punic Wars. During this time, the were able to conquer Carthage and in return gained access into Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica. Even after the Punic Wars ended, Rome still managed to gain the territory of Macedonia, Greece and even some parts of Anatolia. Even through troubling times of the empire, it still managed to spread through Gaul,…
The responsibility for the Punic wars greatly shifts from one to the next as both Rome and Carthage were Superpowers in their own right and it was inevitable that there would be a collision and subsequent reaction from any action taken.…
9. Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars? (What was the name of their enemy?)…
Rome rule its people in a very organize and civil manner, which draws loyalty among its citizens. Rome has an effective and distinct way in managing people, particularly to the inhabitants of their newly acquired lands and territories. One of the best example was the Latins in Latium, whose devotion and loyalty were exceedingly commendable, especially during the Second Punic War, where they fought valiantly--along with the Romans --against the forces of Hannibal. On other hand, Carthage "great advantage" was they have a "permanent able leader," that command its military forces. Unlike Rome, the order of its military resides in the hands of its civil magistrates, who were constantly replaced…
Rome wanted to expand. It was growing in power and was taking over neighboring states in Italy. Carthage had the northwestern part of Italy. This is how Rome got involved in the Punic War and led to it’s first defeat of…
By 200 BC, Rome was quickly becoming one of the world’s greatest empires with their excellent military conquering territory from modern day Scotland to Spain. After the Punic Wars and the defeat of Carthage, Rome had full control of the Mediterranean region, establishing colonies in North Africa, Egypt, the Middle East, and Asia Minor. Julius Caesar became Rome’s first emperor using his military influence. Under his reign, Rome shifted from a republic to an empire under the rule of an emperor and the military. Rome steadily increased in stability, power, and wealth, reaching Pax Romana (the time of Roman peace) under Emperor Augustus Caesar. Rome was forced to discover, as many other large empires throughout history have, that size can create complications. Political strains developed and Rome eventually morphed into a government similar to a dictatorship. Believing their goal of a “perfect empire” had been reached, leaders in Rome began to become lazy. Romans developed a thirst for luxury and a lack of work ethic, which resulted in a decline in the quality of products made by the empire. Around the 5th century BC, Rome began to have constant invasion attempts by Germanic tribes at their borders. There was a multitude of factors contributing to the fall of Rome, the most impactful being the frequently changing leadership, the increasing negligence of the Roman army, and foreign invasions along Rome’s borders.…
Hannibal’s influence came as a result of his involvement in the Punic Wars. The question of whether the Second Punic War was of Hannibal’s making is debated greatly amongst modern historians but regardless, it is unlikely it would have taken the course it did without Hannibal as the predominant leader of the Carthaginian forces. Both Polybius and Livy described Hannibal making an oath to his father at the age of nine that he would never become a friend of Rome. With this and his defiance of Rome by attacking Saguntum as evidence, many modern scholars have attributed the outbreak of war in 218 directly to Hannibal. Bagnall for example, suggests that “Hannibal was bent on war and Rome was not loathe to accept the challenge” (Bagnall, 1999) whilst Caven writes, “Hannibal was an impetuous young man in whom the principal driving force was a burning desire for military glory” (Caven, 1992). This modern interpretation of ancient sources would suggest a key impact of Hannibal on his time: the outbreak of the Second Punic War. Whilst numerous historians refute this being the main cause of the war, with Polybius for example suggesting that it was the seizure of Corsica/Sardinia or Scullard suggesting that “The Second Punic War was largely of…
The Second Punic war “was the greatest and most dangerous one Rome was compelled to fight on their way to the conquest of the Mediterranean.” With 17 years of battle causing heavy casualties to be suffered on both sides, the Second Punic War has proven to be an important time period in the Roman and Carthaginian empires. For Rome, the end of the war meant “the defection of most Southern Italy” (Kagan 232, 1995) and many economic problems. For Carthage this meant the end of their rise to power, and the realization that the idea of Mediterranean control being based in Africa rather than Europe was no longer a possibility (Kagan 233, 1995). Both empires had a lot at stake upon entering the war, but as will be discussed, many historians believe that eventual conflict was inevitable. Past grievances and battles pitted the Romans and Carthaginians against one another ultimately leading to the Second Punic War and the resulting downfall of Carthage.…
A big turning point was the 3rd Punic War and the End of Carthage. In 509 BC Carthage and Rome signed a friendship treaty. But this friendship would not last forever. There was series of wars fought between Carthage and Rome known as the Punic Wars. Fought between 264-146 BC. Carthage was a city-state on the Greek model that had been founded by Phoenicians. It was the strongest city in the Western Mediterranean by the 3rd century and it became very wealth through trade. Carthaginian merchants went from one end of the Mediterranean to the other, the city's fleets were huge, and its army was one of the best in the ancient world. It was Carthage that pried loose the Greek hold on the western ports, and Carthaginian merchants traded as far north as England and down the West African coast. Unlike Rome, but like the Greeks, the Carthaginians also made extensive use of mercenaries. By the early 200s, Carthage had expanded across North Africa but also had control of the Belearic Islands, Sardinia, Corsica, and much of Sicily. She took the goods from these regions, and her own fertile hinterland, and shipped them to eastern ports. Once Rome had conquered most of Italy, it was only a matter of time before these two ambitious and powerful empires came face to face with one another. Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula. As years past Rome began to expand its empire all through out the peninsula. Later on they conquer most of the Italian peninsula. The Romans were very skilled fighters. Their army was fierce. They were stronger on land than on water. They wanted to expand their empire…
Between 264 B.C.E. and 146 B.C.E., Rome and Carthage fought in three costly battles known as the Punic Wars. Originally, Rome and Carthage were allies. It was not until the conflict between the Sicilian city, Syracuse, and the Mammertines that both Rome and Carthage…
The first Punic War lasted from 264-241 BC. It was fought mainly at sea, off the coast of Sicily. This was the first time Rome had built a navy. Rome besieged many of the Carthaginian cities on Sicily, and when Carthage attempted to raise the siege with its navy, the Romans utterly destroyed them. For the first time since the rise of the Carthaginian Empire, the Carthaginians had lost power over the sea-ways. The war ended with no particular side winning over the other. In 241 BC, the Carthaginians and Romans signed a treaty in which Carthage had to give up Sicily and to pay an indemnity to cover Roman costs for the war.…
In the ancient Mediterranean world, Rome and Carthage were two of the most powerful societies. Carthage, a city-state founded in the 8th century by the Phoenecians, was located in the western Mediterranean, and had one of the best armies and navies in the ancient world. Originally part of Phoenecia, Carthage became independent after the defeat of the Phoenecians by the Assyrians in the 7th century B.C. Rome, on the other hand, according to popular myth, was founded by Romulus on the Italian peninsula in 753 B.C. Contrary to the Carthaginians, the Romans had “a talent for patient political reasonableness that was unique in the ancient world.” From 264-146 B.C., these two powers raged on in a series of wars, named “the Punic Wars” for the Latin word punicus, meaning “Phoenecian.” Even with the outcomes of the Punic Wars being what they were, their effects on Rome were both positive and negative, ultimately leading to the fall of the Roman Republic.…
But what cause the punic wars? You may be asking. The main cause of The Punic Wars was interest to the existing Carthaginian Empire and the Roman Republic. The Roman were interested in the Sicily via which was an expansion via that the Carthaginians were in control of. In the beginning of The First Punic War Carthage was the ruling power of the Western Mediterranean.…
The three Punic wars consisted of a series of conflicts of interest, especially land control, between the growing Roman Republic and the already existing Carthaginian Empire. The Punic wars started in year 246 BC and extended until year 146 BC. During this period, the Romans had control over the main peninsula of Italy and Carthage ruled the islands and also the commerce of the West part of the Mediterranean. These two empires were in good terms at one point; however, a dispute regarding the islands of Sicily and Corsica started the first war. During the first Punic war the Romans resulted victorious as well as in the second Punic war, yet this was the most important one since it lasted from 218 to 202 BC. These two wars resulted in an increased expansion of the Roman Empire. Nevertheless, the main outcome that was produced during the third Punic war was the destruction of a very prosperous city for an unreasonable cause. Interestingly enough, centuries after this event took place we are able to presence how history repeats itself and not in a very righteous way.…