This excerpt is being narrated by Siddhartha in a low tone to Govinda. After Siddhartha and Govinda joined the Shramanas, they immediately embrace the Shramanas way of life. They start dressing in loincloth while becoming empty of ego and dying away from themselves. The duo learned a great deal from the Shramanas and followed the paths of self-extinction while leaving their egos behind. However, the life and teachings of the Shramanas isn’t all that Siddhartha considered it to be. In the quote, Siddhartha discloses to Govinda that what the Shramanas do is the same as what a drinker does; they get away from themselves briefly. The drunkard escapes the body momentarily, but does not find enlightenment. The Shramanas are in a cycle similar to…
1. Describe the early career of Chinggis Khan. 2. What was the nature of the military organization established by Chinggis Khan? 3. How did the Mongols adapt to fighting against large, fortified cities? 4. With Chinggis Khan as the example, describe life under Mongol rulers. 5. What happened to the empire after Chinggis Khan's death? 6. Describe the Mongol assault on Russia. 7. Describe life in Russia under two and a half centuries of Mongol domination. 8. Describe the effects of the Mongol assaults on the Muslim heartlands. 9. What was the impact of the Mongols on Europe and the Islamic world? 10. How did the Yuan dynasty in China develop? 11. What was the impact of the Mongol conquest on Chinese society and political structure? 12. What were the positive aspects of the Mongol conquests? 13. What were the symptoms of Yuan decline? 14. How did the conquests of Timur-i Lang contrast with those of the Mongols?000-2,000 BCE Neolithic Cultures ca. 2100-1600 BCE Xia (Hsia) Dynasty (MYTHICAL) ca. 1600-1050 BCE Shang Dynasty One of the Three Dynasties, or San Dai (Xia, Shang, and Zhou), thought to mark the beginning of Chinese civilization: characterized by its writing system, practice of divination, walled cities, bronze technology, and use of horse-drawn chariots. ca. 1046-256 BCE Zhou (Chou) Dynasty: Western Zhou (ca. 1046-771 BCE), Eastern Zhou (771-256 BCE) A hierarchical political and social system with the Zhou royal house at its apex: power was bestowed upon aristocratic families as lords of their domains or principalities. Although often compared to European "feudalism," what actually gave the system cohesion was a hierarchical order of ancestral cults. The system eventually broke down into a competition for power between rival semi-autonomous states in what became known as the Spring and Autumn period (ca. 770-475 BCE) and the Warring States (ca. 475-221 BCE) period. It was during these tumultuous times that…
CH. 13 Notes Nomadism in C Asia nomadism is a way of life forced by a scarcity of resources Nomadic groups have the lowest pop. Desnsity In time of droughts conflicts increase Result extermination alliances frequent out migration Everyone was full time herdsman hunter and warrior Mongol superb riders Can shoot while galloping Leader = khan Khan’s decision ratified by a council Completion for resources reinforced slavery and tribute in C. Asia Some become slaves so they don’t go through starvation Children were pawns for diplomacy Arranged marriage at age of 8 Nomads aided in spread of religion Idea of universal rule important to mongols Nomads strove for economic self efficiency Iron important to nomads Traded with agricultural societies for necessities Mongol conquest Genghis became Great Khan by 1206 Genghis died in 1227 by alcoholism His son continues his campaigns seeking domination of China 1236 genghis’s grandson Batu took over all towns of Russia along the Volga River Eu survived because great khan ogodei died Mongols beat lots of stong enemies because of their bows Mamluk’s forces matched the mongol’s forces Mongol’s success was the use of Genghis’s principle of adaptabilities Mongols gave 3 options Be slaughtered Be slaughtered later Or give in and be under their control Overland trade & Eu used silk in many ways like décor and clothes Plague mongol elites were only people who wore silk EU free from bubonic plague since 700 Plague transferred from rats fleas etc Mongol rivalry some mongols were believers of islam before the raid in Mid. East Mongols under Hulegu command were slow to become exposed to muslim religion Muslim and mongols had a hatred between them because of the execution of the Last Abbasid caliph Shamanic method of the mongols forbade the spilling of blood Islamic code of cleanliness required the draining of blood 1260s batu declared he was a muslim Ghazan declared himself muslim in 1295 Ghazan convinced by his adviser Rashid al-Din Il-Khan declared themselves protector and advocates of islam Islam & the state tax farming is when gov collects company taxes in private Mainly merchants were tax farmed Long term results of TF drove landowners into debt Price of grain rose Tax base shrank Paper money killed econ Depression lasted into 1349 Jagadi Khanate rose to power after Golden Hordes fell Jagadai Khanate ruled by Timur Timurids descendants of timur Timur last great c. Asian conqueror Art & science in juvaini created a narrative about Genghis Khan Islamic Eurasia Rashid al din was in constant touch with C. asia and China’s mongols Sent letters if he cant reach them Rashid convinced Ghazan to convert into islam Ibn Khaldun greatest historian and geographer of that age Ibn was Moroccan Timur saw himself as the world conqueror Juvaini accompanied hulegu in 1256 Nasir al din tusi was a multitalented sh’ite believer Became one of hulegu’s most trusted adviser Nasir was interested in history poetry ethics and religion His contribution was math and cosmology Planets move around the sun 700s mid eastern scholars had adapted the indian numerical sus Europeans still used roman numerals Pi = 3.14 Russia & rule from 1st conflict between Kievan Russia and mongols occurred in 1223 Mongols defeated Russian + kipchak Mongols are really successful at winter campaigns Springtime mud stops their cavalry 1240 central town of kiev fell Primary concern in Russia wealth extraction Alexander nevskii prince of Novgorod…
There are remarkable similarities between the structure and purpose of the early Wittgenstein’s philosophy (specifically as seen in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus) and the writing style of Ernest Hemingway. Both seem to represent meaning in life, ethics, and values in their writing precisely by making apparent their absence.…
A document written by a common Mongol soldier involved in the conquests would give more insight into…
“He had tasted riches, had tasted lust, had tasted power; nevertheless he had still remained in his heart for a long time a Samana; Kamala, being smart, had realized this quite right. It was still the art of thinking, of waiting, of fasting, which guided his life; still the people of the world, the childlike people, had remained alien to him as he was alien to them” (75).…
Document two shows how the Mongol army was organized. In the Mongol army a captain looks over ten men and then out of the ten captains one is in charge of one hundred men and out of the one hundred captains one is a captain of one thousand and then two or three men are in charge of the whole army although one has more control of the others. This…
The Mongols were a nomadic people until 1206, when they acknowledged Temujin as the supreme leader, Genghis Khan. A huge empire was created under his rule, linking Eastern and Western Eurasia. An analysis of these documents will discuss the topic of how the Mongols expanded their empire so far in such a short time through their power of violence. This analysis will also show the admiration and respect of the Mongols by others in surrounding regions. Ultimately, this analysis will discuss how the fear from other people gave the Mongols their biggest advantage in conquering other regions to expand their enormous empire.…
There is much to be learned about societies throughout history just from reading the texts that originated from them. Hammurabi’s Code, Zarathustra’s teachings on Good and Evil, Laozi’s Living in Harmony with Dao and Ibn Battuta’s text on Customs all provide a narrative on different aspects of culture including religious practice, governance, architecture, and societal structure.…
The Mongols lived in the 13th century and known for having one of the largest connected land mass empire. But throughout Asia and Europe, they have a reputation for being a fearsome tribe and a threat to civilizations and their people. They also have some “customs” within their own nation that would earn them the title of “barbarians.” Despite these actions, their empire was actually quite civilized and well thought out.…
Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World is a systematic history of one the world's greatest leaders and empires. It abolishes misconceptions about the Mongol Empire and challenges Eurocentric ideas of history. It dispels the innate stereotype that Genghis Khan and the Mongols were bloodthirsty barbarians and show them in a new light as the truly innovative fighters and just, progressive leaders they were. Although he came from humble beginnings, the son of a kidnapped woman and raised in a yurt. Genghis Khan gained power…
In this lab we studied stoichiomentry. We also reviewed the mole-mole relationship between copper and iron in a chemical reaction. The stoichiomentry of mass is that during the heating the experiment does loose mass .This mean that mole and mass did change. An Example of real world is Masses and volumes of products are extremely important in key reactions such as the deployment of air bags in vehicles, carbon dioxide production to help bread rise, and the…
“Eight hundred years ago, during the 13th Century, a small tribe from the grasslands or steppes of central Asia conquered much of the known world” (background essay). Most of the world called the Mongols “barbarian” referring to people who lived beyond the reach of civilization, people who savage, evil. Were they barbarians spreading death and destruction, or is there more to the story? Cultures had both expanded through conquest and changed the dynamics of regions. The Mongols were important for their limitless empire’s stable rule, expansion of safe trade, and wicked conquest.…
Oedipus the King written by Sophocles, is a play about a king who has it all but is knowledgeable of his past and that ultimately leads to his downfall. He has great self pride after saving his kingdom from the Sphinx, but is oblivious to the fact that he is the reason for the deadly plague. Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller is a play in which a man named Willy struggles with his internal condition and everyday life. He is not able to sell enough product or to ever meet his quotas. He has great pride in his sons and family and takes his own life in order for them to have a better life. In the play Oedipus the King, the tragedy that befalls the kingdom and Oedipus is so much more relatable and understandable than Death of a Salesman. Oedipus is the superior tragic figure because he had so much more to lose than Willy, and he had a better reason to be banished than…
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