Theories of Psychological Counselling
MOODULE 2: THEORIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELLING
THE BEHAVIOURIST THEORY OF COUNSELLING
Introduction to Theories
A theory can be defined as a systematic way of explaining a fact or an event.
It refers to procedure that has been put forward empirically tested that explains a situation as a phenomena.
Importance of Theory in Counselling
Theories help a counselor to;
• Explain the existence of a behaviour by understand if how it’s conceptualized, perpetuated and its manifestations.
• Theories also help a counsellor to predict behaviour. The prediction of behaviour is quite important in the cases where a client manifests destructive behaviour.
• Finally theories also help a counsellor to control behaviour. This is also important in cases where behaviours are destructive. Each theory has stipulated techniques which are meant to control behaviour.
Types of Theories
There are several types of theories which helps a counsellor to understand, predict and control behaviour. But for this course, emphasis will be placed on the following theories:
• Psychological Theory
• Behaviour Theory
• Poison Centred Theory
• Cognitive Behavioural Theory
THE PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
Background
Before the development of the psychological view point in terms of understanding, the human behaviour, in the late 18th Century and Mid 19th Century by Mesmer, Dr. John Breur, Dr. Jean Charcot among others. Psychological disorders and disturbances was mainly looked at from the perspective of the demon existence and from poorly medical/biological point of view. However, some development in the patients who exhibited this symptom could not be explained by medical or physiological factors alone. Therefore, the development of a psychological view point was an opening in not only understanding its development but also interventions. It’s under this background that Sigmund Freud was born.
Sigmund Freud (1856 – 1939) a physiologist, Medical Doctor,
THE BEHAVIOURIST THEORY OF COUNSELLING
Introduction to Theories
A theory can be defined as a systematic way of explaining a fact or an event.
It refers to procedure that has been put forward empirically tested that explains a situation as a phenomena.
Importance of Theory in Counselling
Theories help a counselor to;
• Explain the existence of a behaviour by understand if how it’s conceptualized, perpetuated and its manifestations.
• Theories also help a counsellor to predict behaviour. The prediction of behaviour is quite important in the cases where a client manifests destructive behaviour.
• Finally theories also help a counsellor to control behaviour. This is also important in cases where behaviours are destructive. Each theory has stipulated techniques which are meant to control behaviour.
Types of Theories
There are several types of theories which helps a counsellor to understand, predict and control behaviour. But for this course, emphasis will be placed on the following theories:
• Psychological Theory
• Behaviour Theory
• Poison Centred Theory
• Cognitive Behavioural Theory
THE PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
Background
Before the development of the psychological view point in terms of understanding, the human behaviour, in the late 18th Century and Mid 19th Century by Mesmer, Dr. John Breur, Dr. Jean Charcot among others. Psychological disorders and disturbances was mainly looked at from the perspective of the demon existence and from poorly medical/biological point of view. However, some development in the patients who exhibited this symptom could not be explained by medical or physiological factors alone. Therefore, the development of a psychological view point was an opening in not only understanding its development but also interventions. It’s under this background that Sigmund Freud was born.
Sigmund Freud (1856 – 1939) a physiologist, Medical Doctor,