Therapy
Psychoanalytic therapy The Basic Philosophies
Human beings are basically determined by psychic energy and by early experiences. Unconscious motives and conflicts are cen-tral in present behavior. Irrational forces are strong; the person is driven by sexual and aggressive impulses. Early development is of critical importance because later personality problems have their roots in repressed childhood conflicts.
Adlerian therapy
Humans are motivated by social interest, by striving toward goals, and by dealing with the tasks of life. Emphasis is on the individual's positive capacities to live in society cooperatively. People have the capacity to interpret, influence, and create events. Each person at an early age creates a unique style of life, which tends to remain relatively constant throughout life.
Existential therapy
The central focus is on the nature of the human condition, which includes a capacity for self-awareness, freedom of choice to decide one's fate, responsibility, anxiety, the search for mean-ing, being alone and being in relation with others, and facing the reality of death.
Person-centered therapy
The view of humans is positive; we have an inclination toward becoming fully functioning. In the context of the therapeutic re-lationship, the client experiences feelings that were previously denied to awareness. The client actualizes potential and moves toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self, and inner-directedness.
Gestalt therapy
The person strives for wholeness and integration of thinking, feeling, and behaving. The view is nondeterministic in that the person is viewed as having the capacity to recognize how earlier influences are related to present difficulties. As an experiential approach, it is grounded in the here-and-now and emphasizes personal choice and responsibility.
Key Concepts
Normal personality development is based on successful res-olution and integration of psychosexual stages of develop-ment. Faulty
Human beings are basically determined by psychic energy and by early experiences. Unconscious motives and conflicts are cen-tral in present behavior. Irrational forces are strong; the person is driven by sexual and aggressive impulses. Early development is of critical importance because later personality problems have their roots in repressed childhood conflicts.
Adlerian therapy
Humans are motivated by social interest, by striving toward goals, and by dealing with the tasks of life. Emphasis is on the individual's positive capacities to live in society cooperatively. People have the capacity to interpret, influence, and create events. Each person at an early age creates a unique style of life, which tends to remain relatively constant throughout life.
Existential therapy
The central focus is on the nature of the human condition, which includes a capacity for self-awareness, freedom of choice to decide one's fate, responsibility, anxiety, the search for mean-ing, being alone and being in relation with others, and facing the reality of death.
Person-centered therapy
The view of humans is positive; we have an inclination toward becoming fully functioning. In the context of the therapeutic re-lationship, the client experiences feelings that were previously denied to awareness. The client actualizes potential and moves toward increased awareness, spontaneity, trust in self, and inner-directedness.
Gestalt therapy
The person strives for wholeness and integration of thinking, feeling, and behaving. The view is nondeterministic in that the person is viewed as having the capacity to recognize how earlier influences are related to present difficulties. As an experiential approach, it is grounded in the here-and-now and emphasizes personal choice and responsibility.
Key Concepts
Normal personality development is based on successful res-olution and integration of psychosexual stages of develop-ment. Faulty