In most jurisdictions the initial report of rape is made to the police. The law generally requires that reports of rape be investigated; the old idea that only rapes immediately reported be investigated has been abandoned. Law enforcement officers are often trained on appropriate procedures for handling reports of rape but the extent and intensity of training varies considerably. Finally reports of rape can be made by others than the victim including social workers, doctors or school officials. The jurisdictions studied universally recommend that the victims have a medical examination as promptly as possible after a sexual attack so evidence is collected before it is compromised or gone. Procedures also should be established …show more content…
Taken together, these materials point the way toward achieving changes in law and policy concerning sexual assault that respect the experiences of victims and advance gender justice.
The crime of rape and justice for victims “It is currently undisputed that violence against women can constitute a human right violation regardless of whether it occurs within the public or the private sphere of life.” This single sentence encapsulates a lengthy and, indeed, stunning recent history of rape law reform. Fewer than twenty years ago, scholars critiqued then-prevailing human rights norms in the Harvard Human Rights Journal, writing, “Gender-based violence is not recognized as a violation of human rights, but rather as the product of particular cultural or religious practices or the isolated actions of individuals.” This sea change in attitude toward the significance of rape and other forms of gender based violence was predated by a “wave of feminist advocacy” for rape law reform.8 A brief review of the reform movement is