The definition of literacy as outlined by the Department of Education and Skills (DES) in The National Strategy to improve Literacy and Numeracy Among Children and Young People 2011- 2020 (DES 2011), states “Literacy includes the ability to use and understand spoken language, print, writing and digital media” (DES, 2011, pg.8).
Literacy skills begin the moment we are born from listening and observing those around us. Within the first couple of months of a child’s life, they are already trying to make words of their own with their first coos and babbles. Educators can extend the child’s literacy skills by reading, singing, rhymes, listening, looking and talking about images they see. Literacy is not only about reading and writing …show more content…
Tina Bruce stated that children must feel the need to write and it must happen quite naturally (Bruce et al., 2011, pg 118). This involves the child observing adults read and write so that they will learn literate behaviours, such as being able to turn the pages of a book and understand that printed words have meaning. This is the foundation of your child’s emergent literacy skills. Storysacks are a wonderful activity for the overall development of literacy skills. The reader must ensure that the story is engaging. This can be achieved by the use of props and by using a tone of voice that is appealing to the child. For babies adults often use infant-directed speech. This is the name given to the natural way adults speak to children (Flood 2013, p.131). The tone of voice is often high-pitched, uses simple words and short sentences. As children continue to grow, we must naturally adapt our speaking patterns to suit the child's growing linguistic …show more content…
Children need adults around them that understand that numeracy is not solely related to numbers and calculations. Mathematical concepts occur in play-based environments, which allow children to problem solve daily with the help of a MKO. For example, a child playing with sand can learn mathematical concepts by putting scoops of sands into containers and the adult asking the child questions, such as, which is heavier or lighter or will that container fit into that container. Play allows for many mathematical concepts through exploring shapes, patterns, relationship between objects and going fast or slow during outdoor play. Tina Bruce recommends that conversations with children and adults enhance critical thinking, logic and are part of becoming competent in mathematics (Bruce et al., 2011,