Titration
Titration
KMnO4+ FeSO4
12/2/2013
At Alsadek Scientific Association
Prepared by: Zainab Alfakih & Jinan Krayem
Teacher: Dr. Hiba Nassar
Contents Introduction 2 Objectives 3 Theoretical Study 3 Definitions 3 Derivations 3 Equipment 4 Setup 5 Procedures 5 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion 8 References 9
I. Introduction:
Oxidation Reduction reactions are chemical reactions in which substances undergo changes in oxidation state.
Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons (or an increase in oxidation state) and reduction as the gain of electrons (or a decrease in oxidation state).
In acid base titrations, equivalent amounts of acid and base must be used for exact neutralization at the titration endpoint. In oxidation-reduction reactions, there is a similar equivalence between oxidizing and reducing agents.
In order for a redox reaction to be valid, it should be unique, complete spontaneous and rapid.
In titration: * Reaction is unique. The condition is indispensable to establish a relation between the amounts of matter of the reactants involved. * Reaction is complete. The reagents, which are introduced in stoichiometric proportions, should be completely consumed at equivalence. This is expressed by a difference in potentials of the two couples involved, ∆E0, greater than 0.3V. * Reaction is spontaneous and rapid. Reactants should react spontaneously and instantaneously as soon as the mixed.
II. Objectives: * To use a standardized acid solution to determine the concentration of a base solution. * To learn the technique of titration
III. Theoretical Study: 1) Definitions: a. Definition of titration:
Volumetric titration consists of the addition of a determined volume of titrating solution with known concentration C1 to an exact volume of solution with unknown concentration C2 to be determined.
Volumetric titration is based on a reaction, which occurs between the titrating
KMnO4+ FeSO4
12/2/2013
At Alsadek Scientific Association
Prepared by: Zainab Alfakih & Jinan Krayem
Teacher: Dr. Hiba Nassar
Contents Introduction 2 Objectives 3 Theoretical Study 3 Definitions 3 Derivations 3 Equipment 4 Setup 5 Procedures 5 Results 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion 8 References 9
I. Introduction:
Oxidation Reduction reactions are chemical reactions in which substances undergo changes in oxidation state.
Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons (or an increase in oxidation state) and reduction as the gain of electrons (or a decrease in oxidation state).
In acid base titrations, equivalent amounts of acid and base must be used for exact neutralization at the titration endpoint. In oxidation-reduction reactions, there is a similar equivalence between oxidizing and reducing agents.
In order for a redox reaction to be valid, it should be unique, complete spontaneous and rapid.
In titration: * Reaction is unique. The condition is indispensable to establish a relation between the amounts of matter of the reactants involved. * Reaction is complete. The reagents, which are introduced in stoichiometric proportions, should be completely consumed at equivalence. This is expressed by a difference in potentials of the two couples involved, ∆E0, greater than 0.3V. * Reaction is spontaneous and rapid. Reactants should react spontaneously and instantaneously as soon as the mixed.
II. Objectives: * To use a standardized acid solution to determine the concentration of a base solution. * To learn the technique of titration
III. Theoretical Study: 1) Definitions: a. Definition of titration:
Volumetric titration consists of the addition of a determined volume of titrating solution with known concentration C1 to an exact volume of solution with unknown concentration C2 to be determined.
Volumetric titration is based on a reaction, which occurs between the titrating
References: * http://dwb.unl.edu/calculators/activities/DiproticAcid.html * http://www.scribd.com/doc/20300492/Experiment-3-Acid-and-Base-Titration