Torus Mandibularis Essay

Torus mandibularis is described as an unusual benign growth of the bone that protrudes from the lingual aspect of the mandibular alveolar process. These tori develop singly or multiply, unilaterally or bilaterally and most often on the premolar region. Mandibular tori are sharply demarcated anteriorly on periapical images and less dense as they extend posteriorly. There is no margin between the periphery of the torus and the surface of the mandible because the torus is continuous with the mandibular cortex. Torus mandibularis have been associated with age, gender and dental status; although both genetic and environmental factors may also play a role in the formation of torus, the masticatory system should be considered as the primary essential initiative factor. The research conducted by Uysal, Cagirankaya and Hatipoglu determined the effect of gender on Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI) and verified the relationship between
Dental radiographs, especially panoramic images, have been used to predict low bone mineral density in patients; therefore, the morphology of the mandibular cortical bone distally from the mental foramen can be used to assess and quantify the bone mass and to observe signs of resorption especially when diagnosing osteoporosis. During Uysal, Cagirankaya and Hatipoglu study, 189 patients of different gender and ages were evaluated to identify the presence of torus mandibularis clinically; therefore, panoramic radiographs were taken to evaluate the mandibular cortical index. It was concluded that the presence of torus mandibularis appears to be an indicator of higher bone density and lower MCI values. The presence of tori at young adulthood was a marker of denser skeletal mass in the future, and a lower risk of osteoporosis. Also, MCI was affected by gender and age. With increasing age women showed more porosity on mandibular