Transportation as a Source of Air Pollution
STRATEGIC APPROACH TO REDUCING VEHICLE EMISSIONS IN NIGERIA: ROLE OF FLEET OPERATORS.
BEING A LECTURE PRESENTED BY ENGR. BG IBRAHIM fwc ACM (SED) AT SAFETY MANAGERS TRAINING PROGRAMME AT FRSC ACADEMY, JOS ON THE 28TH AUGUST,2009.
INTRODUCTION
1. In developed and developing countries, the history of air pollution problem has typically been high levels of smoke and sulphur dioxide arising from the combustion of sulphur-containing fossil fuels such as coal for domestic and industrial purpose.[i] Industrial development and the use of fossil fuels have affected the world climate adversely. In Nigeria epileptic power supply has brought about the use of diesel and petrol powered generators virtually in all homes
2. The transport induced environmental pollution in Nigeria, is further compounded by recent influx of motorcycles and tricycles, most of which have 2-stroke engines. Equally, the importation of used vehicles and lack of vehicular emission control also contributed to the high level of pollution in the atmosphere. Petrol and diesel engine motor vehicles emit a wide variety of pollutants, principally carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulates, which have an increasing impact on air quality. In addition, photochemical reactions resulting from the action of sunlight on nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compound from vehicles leads to the formation of ozone, a secondary long range pollutant, which impacts in rural areas often far from the original emission site. Acid rain is another long range pollutant influenced by vehicle nitrogen oxide emissions. That is why vehicle emission pollution problems are worsening in countries where there is no adequate legislation towards its control.
3. It is for this reason that this paper takes a look at types of vehicular pollutants, causes of pollutants in vehicles and their effects. The paper will identify methods of controlling vehicular emission, the
BEING A LECTURE PRESENTED BY ENGR. BG IBRAHIM fwc ACM (SED) AT SAFETY MANAGERS TRAINING PROGRAMME AT FRSC ACADEMY, JOS ON THE 28TH AUGUST,2009.
INTRODUCTION
1. In developed and developing countries, the history of air pollution problem has typically been high levels of smoke and sulphur dioxide arising from the combustion of sulphur-containing fossil fuels such as coal for domestic and industrial purpose.[i] Industrial development and the use of fossil fuels have affected the world climate adversely. In Nigeria epileptic power supply has brought about the use of diesel and petrol powered generators virtually in all homes
2. The transport induced environmental pollution in Nigeria, is further compounded by recent influx of motorcycles and tricycles, most of which have 2-stroke engines. Equally, the importation of used vehicles and lack of vehicular emission control also contributed to the high level of pollution in the atmosphere. Petrol and diesel engine motor vehicles emit a wide variety of pollutants, principally carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulates, which have an increasing impact on air quality. In addition, photochemical reactions resulting from the action of sunlight on nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compound from vehicles leads to the formation of ozone, a secondary long range pollutant, which impacts in rural areas often far from the original emission site. Acid rain is another long range pollutant influenced by vehicle nitrogen oxide emissions. That is why vehicle emission pollution problems are worsening in countries where there is no adequate legislation towards its control.
3. It is for this reason that this paper takes a look at types of vehicular pollutants, causes of pollutants in vehicles and their effects. The paper will identify methods of controlling vehicular emission, the