Trends in Hiv Prevalence
PRESENTATION ON:
THE TRENDS IN HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE
PRESENTED BY:
OLAMIJUWON EMMANUEL O. (0804080002)
DEPARTMENT OF DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL STATISTICS
JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, IKEJI ARAKEJI
PRESENTED TO:
THE-LECTURER-IN-CHARGE
DR(MRS) NTOIMO LORETTA F.C
DEPARTMENT OF DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL STATISTICS
JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, IKEJI ARAKEJI
PRESENTED ON:
THURSDAY 13TH DECEMBER, 2012
ABSTRACT
HIV prevalence in the world is becoming increasingly high. As of mid-1998, the HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to spread unequally around the world. In many cities in sub-Saharan African countries more than a quarter of young and middle-aged adults are infected with HIV, whereas in most developed countries, the number of annual AIDS cases continues to decrease. The status and of HIV epidemics in most other areas of the world remains uncertain because of inadequate data on the prevalence of HIV-risk behaviours. Hence, this paper presentation seeks to examine the trends of HIV prevalence across the world taking all the continents into consideration.
INTRODUCTION HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a lentivirus, and like all viruses of this type, it attacks the immune system. Lentiviruses are in turn part of a larger group of viruses known as retroviruses. The name 'lentivirus ' literally means 'slow virus ' because they take such a long time to produce any adverse effects in the body. They have been found in a number of different animals, including cats, sheep, horses and cattle. However, the most interesting lentivirus in terms of the investigation into the origins of HIV is the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) that affects monkeys, which is believed to be at least 32,000 years old. It is now generally accepted that HIV is a descendant of a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus because certain strains of SIVs bear a very close resemblance to HIV-1 and HIV-2, the two types of HIV. HIV-2 for example corresponds to SIVsm, a strain of the Simian
THE TRENDS IN HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE
PRESENTED BY:
OLAMIJUWON EMMANUEL O. (0804080002)
DEPARTMENT OF DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL STATISTICS
JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, IKEJI ARAKEJI
PRESENTED TO:
THE-LECTURER-IN-CHARGE
DR(MRS) NTOIMO LORETTA F.C
DEPARTMENT OF DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL STATISTICS
JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, IKEJI ARAKEJI
PRESENTED ON:
THURSDAY 13TH DECEMBER, 2012
ABSTRACT
HIV prevalence in the world is becoming increasingly high. As of mid-1998, the HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to spread unequally around the world. In many cities in sub-Saharan African countries more than a quarter of young and middle-aged adults are infected with HIV, whereas in most developed countries, the number of annual AIDS cases continues to decrease. The status and of HIV epidemics in most other areas of the world remains uncertain because of inadequate data on the prevalence of HIV-risk behaviours. Hence, this paper presentation seeks to examine the trends of HIV prevalence across the world taking all the continents into consideration.
INTRODUCTION HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a lentivirus, and like all viruses of this type, it attacks the immune system. Lentiviruses are in turn part of a larger group of viruses known as retroviruses. The name 'lentivirus ' literally means 'slow virus ' because they take such a long time to produce any adverse effects in the body. They have been found in a number of different animals, including cats, sheep, horses and cattle. However, the most interesting lentivirus in terms of the investigation into the origins of HIV is the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) that affects monkeys, which is believed to be at least 32,000 years old. It is now generally accepted that HIV is a descendant of a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus because certain strains of SIVs bear a very close resemblance to HIV-1 and HIV-2, the two types of HIV. HIV-2 for example corresponds to SIVsm, a strain of the Simian
References: The Status and Trends of the HIV/AIDs Epidemics in the World Provisional Report (June 26, 1998) Trends in HIV incidence and prevalence: natural course of the epidemic or results of behavioural change? (June 1999) Nigeria HIV Fact Sheet United States Embassy in Nigeria (September, 2011) http://nigeria.usembassy.gov United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) Country Progress Report (January 2008 – December 2009) Where did HIV come from? Updated July 07, 2007 http://aids.about.com/od/technicalquestions/f/wherehiv.htm