I like to think of a CSU/DSU(Channel service and Data service unit) as something similar to a modem. In general Dial-up or DSL service a modem is required to convert digital signals to analog and vice versa. A CSU/DSU acts in the same way. The CSU/DSU converts the digital data frames that local area networks (LAN) uses into a frame a wide-area network (WAN) uses and just like the modem it will change the frames back to go the other direction across the network.
Within the cooperate environment CSU/DSU are very useful. Most large corporations have moved away from general DSL/cable internet and have moved to dedicated circuit lines such as T-1 or fractional T-1 lines. I work for an internet service provider and have seen many business with T-1 data lines and they are very useful. T-1 lines increase the speed of data transfer up to 50 times (at least within my company). The problem with a T-1 line is that in order to send the data at those speeds they send packets that are not readable by normal LAN equipment such as routers or general pcs/servers. In order to correct this communication issue the business will need to utilize a CSU/DSU
ISDNs are sometimes used in locations that do not support DSL or cable modem connections. Your choices may be analog modems or an ISDN connection in those remote locations. Describe three benefits ISDNs have over regular dial-up modem connections.
ISDN standards act like dialup by using a copper line to transmit both data and voice. Dial up cannot transmit both voice and data at the same time thus limiting the usage of dialup internet whereas isdn is capable of transmitting both voice and data at the same time. ISDN operates at around twice the speed of dialup because it is operating under two channels instead of just one. Dialup modems also require part of its bandwidth to be used for error correction thus lowering the bandwidth where as ISDN