Two Different Pathways Involved In Blood Cloting

Blood clotting happens through the use of two different pathways, the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Both pathways have unique reactions however, each pathway activates during the conclusion of the clotting stage, which is known as the formation of fibrin. Fibrin is involved in blood clotting, and is a non-globular protein. The clotting process involves a group of plasma proteins that act in sequence, which ultimately results in the conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin, after this conversion it polymerizes to form a clot at the area that is damaged without affecting any other areas that have not been damaged. Nearly 20 plasma proteins or plasma clotting factors are produced by the liver and circulate in the blood as inactive
The processes of clotting reaction at this point, is an expansion of an existing small stimulus and leads to the production of a high amount of fibrin which helps form a clot. The clotting factors are arranged into four specific groups, (1) zymogens, which become active proteases when acted upon by a specific proteolytic cleavage, (2) cofactor proteins, that bind to zymogens and the zymogens protease concequence, which aids in developing the speed and specificity of the activation, (3) protease inhibitors, help inactivate the proteases once their roles in the process have been completed, and the final group, a miscellaneous group, which includes (4) fibrinogen, which is used to help create fibrin, also known as factor XIII/XIIIa, a transglutaminase that prepares the arrangement of covalent cross links between fibrin molecules, which help in stabilizing the clot, and von Willebrand factor which can keep platelets in place, on the skin of the blood vessels. The intrinsic pathway, is a sequence of reactions that are developed by enzymes, which become activated when tissue is damaged in any
The cells have noticeable size difference compared to normal cells that also contains an immature nuclei. The primary issue, is the cells inability to utilize deoxythymidine monophosphate from methylated deoxyuridine monophosphates. Defects of vitamins B12, folate, and other genetic factors, can have an effect on bone marrow, production of an unbalanced relation between nuclear and cytoplasmic development and a postponed maturation of RBC’s, which leads to megaloblastic anemia. Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is found in animal products and is made by specific microorganisms and not by plants. Antibodies may be present in the stomach acids which can either prevent the binding of vitamin B12 to intrinsic factor, or block the absorption of the vitamin B12, known as an intrinsic factor complex. Patients with this condition, also show achlorhydria, a low amount, or absence of stomach acid secretion, which includes the lack of free intrinsic