1. family environment
2. physical/mental illness
3. social status
4. religious identity
1. Ways in which the family environment may help a child in their development is likely to include a supportive parenting network, where there is a strong family tie, both parents engaging in the child's education and where there is strong interaction between the parents and the teaching staff at school. 'The parents have to be equal balance of love and limits, a child needs to have limits, boundaries, they have to have consequences but as a parent they need to put that in place in a loving way'
However, there may be some circumstances where the family environment may be unhelpful to the child's development. This would include a family where there are no strong ties. For example, where the father has left the family home and the child is brought up by a single parent. This may affect the child as he/she may not receive as much support. This may be further complicated by drug/illicit substance misuse which would impact the child.
Support for the latter can be given by ways of adapting methods to engage the parents more with the children. This could be done through parents evenings when the parents are available, adapting to their timetable. Also, the child can be given extra support and time, through teaching assistants and/or after school clubs to help them with their difficulties.
2. children can be affected by physical and mental health issues in a range of ways ranging from obesity to schizophrenia. An example of a physical issues is Down Syndrome. This is a genetic condition that causes a degree of learning disabilities and generally presents with physical abnormality.
A cautious approach needs to be taken when assisting a child with Down Syndrome. Though Down syndrome is linked with learning disability, an individual approach should be taken rather then a universal one. This is