Understanding the Theories of Cognitive Process
Evaluate/Compare and Contrast/Discuss/Examine models or theories of one cognitive process with reference to research studies (22)
Human beings actively process information and it is cognitive processes that guide behavior. These cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors. One of the cognitive processes is memory. Many researchers and psychologies have proved that the mind can be studies scientifically by developing theories and using a number of scientific research methods. This is demonstrated in theories and models of cognition which are discussed and continuously tested. The key characteristics of a good memory models are first, testability; second, simplicity; lastly, applicability. This essay looks at strength and limitation/similarities and differences/examine/discuss of models of one cognitive process, which is memory, with reference to research studies.
Not all of developing models have such characteristics above.
MSM by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) * Sensory memory, STM and LTM as permanent structural components of the memory system. * Rehearsal is a control process, which acts as permanent structural components of the memory system. * Rehearsal is a control process, which acts as a buffer between sensory memory and LTM, and helps the transfer of information to LTM.
-Evidence * H.M. Case studies by Milner (1966)
-Studies of brain-damaged, amnesic patients appear to support the STM-LTM distinction. While STM continues to function fairly normally, LTM functioning is impaired.
* Peterson and Peterson (1959)
-When rehearsal is prevented, information is very rapidly lost from STS.
* Murdock (1962)
-Primacy effect reflects recall from LTM, while the recency effect reflects recall from STM. Together they comprise the serial position effect.
* Glazer and Cunitz (1966)
-Strength * The model pioneered the new approach to memeory where humans are seen as information processors
Human beings actively process information and it is cognitive processes that guide behavior. These cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors. One of the cognitive processes is memory. Many researchers and psychologies have proved that the mind can be studies scientifically by developing theories and using a number of scientific research methods. This is demonstrated in theories and models of cognition which are discussed and continuously tested. The key characteristics of a good memory models are first, testability; second, simplicity; lastly, applicability. This essay looks at strength and limitation/similarities and differences/examine/discuss of models of one cognitive process, which is memory, with reference to research studies.
Not all of developing models have such characteristics above.
MSM by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) * Sensory memory, STM and LTM as permanent structural components of the memory system. * Rehearsal is a control process, which acts as permanent structural components of the memory system. * Rehearsal is a control process, which acts as a buffer between sensory memory and LTM, and helps the transfer of information to LTM.
-Evidence * H.M. Case studies by Milner (1966)
-Studies of brain-damaged, amnesic patients appear to support the STM-LTM distinction. While STM continues to function fairly normally, LTM functioning is impaired.
* Peterson and Peterson (1959)
-When rehearsal is prevented, information is very rapidly lost from STS.
* Murdock (1962)
-Primacy effect reflects recall from LTM, while the recency effect reflects recall from STM. Together they comprise the serial position effect.
* Glazer and Cunitz (1966)
-Strength * The model pioneered the new approach to memeory where humans are seen as information processors