United States Army's Epoused Cultural Values

This paper compares the United States Army's espoused cultural values, as an organization, with its enacted cultural values. First, describing the Army culture. Next addressed is how the Army builds its culture through communications. Finally, this paper examines how the Army had institutionalized organizational conflict. First, look at the organization's culture.
Army Culture
An organization's culture is the system of beliefs all members of the organization share. These beliefs are what makes one organization different from another (Robbins & Judge, 2011, p. 520). An organization espouses its cultural values by saying what they are. An organization's enacted values are how it acts. “Espoused values represent the explicitly stated values and
Communications are a vital tool, in crafting how the Army sees itself and others see it. The Army crafts its cultural message to send the same message using all the media types used. The Army teaches cultural values to the Army, as an organization. The Army teaches its cultural values to all officers, soldiers, and civilian employees. One publication reviewed teaches cultural values to senior military officers in the Army War College in Pennsylvania.
“This publication was the fourth of a series on the Army's Professional Military Ethics (PME) that the Army Chief of Staff, General George Casey, started in 2009. General Casey encouraged the Army to think critically about our PME and promote dialog at all levels as we deepen our understanding of what this time-honored source of strength means to the profession today. In his book, Pfaff (2011) explores the cultural values, challenges the Army faces, in a time of persistent irregular conflicts. Pfaff argues that the challenges come from the nature of the conflict. The guerrilla soldiers change the nature of war from forcing your will on your enemy to convincing the enemy to accept your position.” (Pfaff,
Defense Secretary Hagel discussed the U.S. military's ending a decade of conflict in Afghanistan and Iraq. (The WJLA.com Television (2014) website) Kaylan said the U.S. focused on politics and security and did not show how American values were better than what they had before (Kaylan, 2011).There is a natural cycle in the Army to start a conflict small, and then grow and after the conflict to go small again. After this war, the draw-down presented choices with conflict built into the process. While the United States is a low-context culture, the Army sub-culture is extremely high-context. Beebe discusses these