University Referencing: Annotated Bibliography
University of Huddersfield
Referencing using APA 6th
This guide shows you how to reference various resources both in the body of your work and how to write your reference list.
For further help, visit the referencing library subject guide at http://hud.libguides.com/referencing Also check the academic skills tutors’ webpages at www.hud.ac.uk/students/academicskills This is a condensed version of the University Referencing Guide.
The full version of the reference guide including further examples (e.g. music, theatre etc.) is available at http://hud.libguides.com/referencing This APA 6th guide replaces the Harvard Referencing Guide
Referencing using APA 6th
When you have included information from published sources in your …show more content…
work, you must acknowledge this information fully and accurately by:
Identifying your sources, in a brief format, in the body of your written work (referred to as an in-text citation)
Providing a detailed list of your sources in an alphabetical list at the end of your work (known as a reference list).
There are a number of officially accepted formats that can be used to reference your work. The University preferred referencing style is APA. However, some departments may prefer another style, and it is wise to check with your academic tutors whether your subject area uses another system.
Why reference?
To show that you have done some research and have found relevant information.
To support any claims you have made through reference to an authoritative author on the subject.
To enable readers of your work to trace the sources used and draw their own conclusions from the original works which you have cited.
To avoid being accused of plagiarism. This is using someone else's work as your own without acknowledging it. If you do not acknowledge your source(s) you are guilty of academic misconduct. For more details, please refer to the Student Handbook of Regulations, Assessment Regulation 3 found on the University of Huddersfield website at http://www2.hud.ac.uk/regs. When do you need to reference?
You should acknowledge your source with a reference whenever you …show more content…
include:
a theory, fact, argument or viewpoint attributable to a specific person.
statistics, examples or case studies.
illustrations or musical examples from another source.
direct quotations from another source.
3
paraphrases of any of the above
Quoting and paraphrasing:
Quoting: include author, year and specific page citation or paragraph number for nonpaginated material. If the quote comprises fewer than 40 words, incorporate it into the text and enclose the quotation with double quotation marks. If the quotation appears in midsentence, end the passage with quotation marks and cite the source in brackets immediately after the quotation marks and then continue the sentence. 40 or more words, display in a freestanding block of text and omit quotation marks. The quotation should be started on a new line and indented.
Paraphrasing: you are strongly recommended to provide a page or paragraph number if you are rewriting a particular section of the text and putting it into your own words. If you are summarising, i.e. giving an overview of the whole article/paper or theory rather than focussing on a specific part of the text, then page numbers are not required.
Digital object identifier (doi)
As part of the APA referencing style you may be asked to include a doi number
(digital object identifier). It is a unique and permanent number used to identify electronic and physical documents that persist should a publisher or web address change. The doi begins with a 10 and contains a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. You can find out if an item has a doi by searching for it in
Summon, saving the item to a temporary folder, click on saved items at the bottom of the screen and then select APA. Alternatively, it will be list on the opening page of the pdf:
4
Guidance for citing different numbers of authors, using & or AND and when to abbreviate Use & in your reference list and to join authors when their names appear in brackets. Use the word AND when the names of the authors appear as a natural part of a sentence.
Number of authors
First in-text Citation
Subsequent in-text citations
One author
According to Jarvis
As first citation
(2010), when adults return to education…..
OR (Jarvis, 2010)
Two authors
Three, four or five authors Six or more authors
Corporate author
No author
Anonymous
(Knight & Ruddock,
2008)
OR Knight and Ruddock
(2008) recommend….
Collier, Bide and
Tortora (2009) explain that… OR
(Collier, Bide & Tortora,
2009)
(Lazer et al., 2009)
Lazer et al. (2009) describe…. (National Health
Service [NHS], 2012)
The National Health
Service (NHS, 2012) reported Cite the first 2 or 3 words of the title followed by the year.
Enclose titles of articles, a chapter, or web page in double quotation marks.
Italicise the title of a journal, book, brochure or report.
….in the recent book
Oxford paperback thesaurus (2006).
When a work is anonymous, cite in text the word anonymous followed by a comma and the date.
(Anonymous, 2007)
As first citation
(Collier et al., 2009) OR According to
Collier et al. (2009)
As first citation
(NHS, 2012)
The NHS (2012) reported
As first citation
As first citation
5
Type
Books – one author
In-text citation
According to Jarvis
(2010), when adults return to education…..
OR (Jarvis, 2010)
Reference list
Jarvis, P. (2010). Adult education and lifelong learning: theory and practice
(4th ed.). London: Routledge.
Books – two authors
(Knight & Ruddock,
2008).
OR Knight and
Ruddock (2008) argue that…
Knight, A., & Ruddock, L. (2008).
Advanced research methods in the built environment. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Books – three, four or five authors
In their analysis,
Collier et al. (2009) recommend that...
Collier, B.J., Bide, M.J., & Tortora, P.G.
(2009). Understanding textiles (7th ed.).
London: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
Books – six or more authors Clarke et al. (2010) describes… OR (Clarke et al.,
2010)
Clarke, M., Corbett-Jones, J., Flynn, L.,
Ferry, K., Corrigan, J., Hargreaves, C.,
…Westley, E. (2010). Devils, demons and werewolves. Manchester: Bridge House.
Books - edited books
The media can be harsh in their judgements against the police (Leishman
& Mason, 2003).
OR according to
Leishman and Mason
(2003)…
Leishman, F., & Mason, P. (Eds.).
(2003). Policing and the media. Portland:
Willan Publishing.
Chapter from an edited book Dunderstadt (2009) makes the point that... Dunderstadt, J. (2009). Possible futures for the research library in the 21st century. In D. Barnet & F. Heath (Eds),
The research library in the 21st century
(pp.4-12). Abingdon: Routledge.
Electronic books with doi Electronic books without doi
Smith (2008) stated that…… It could be argued that the witness plays one of the most crucial roles in a court of law (Wall, 2009).
Smith, A. (2008). The wealth of nations. doi: 10.1036/007142363x.
Wall, W. (2009). Forensic science in court: the role of the expert witness.
Retrieved from http://www.dawsonera.com E-readers
…is one important design skill to master
(Sherwin, 2012, section 5: Lick it good). Semprun (2004) discusses… Sherwin, D. (2012). Creative workshop:
80 challenges to sharpen your design skills. [Kindle edition]. Retrieved from www.amazon.co.uk A book written in another language
Semprun, J. (2004). Veinte anos y un dia. [Twenty years and one day].
6
Type
In-text citation
A translated book
De Beauvoir (1953) asserts that ...
Thesaurus/dictionary
According to the definition (Oxford paperback thesaurus,
2008, p.21)…..
Bent and Pople
(2001) argue that...
Oxford paperback thesaurus. (2008).
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Grove (Electronic)
(Bent & Pople, 2010)
The Bible/Qu’ran
Proverbs 15:22 states
“Plans fail for lack of counsel, but with many advisers they succeed.” (New
International Version)
Fashion is an important part of image (Twigg, 2010).
Bent, I.D. & Pople, A. (2010). Analysis.
In Grove Music Online. Oxford Music
Online. Retrieved from http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com. The compact NIV study bible, New
International Version. (1998). London:
Hodder and Stoughton.
Grove (Paper)
Journals
Journal article – electronic with doi
Mostrom and
Blumberg (2012) claim that…
Journal article – electronic without doi
McMahon states that sex discrimination is still rife in the workplace (2010).
The future will see many changes in funding for H.E.
(Vasagar, 2011)
Riach (2013) claims that Locog…
Newspaper - paper copy
Electronic newspaper article (via Summon)
Reference list
Barcelona: Difusion.
De Beauvoir, S. (1988). The second sex.
(H.M. Parshley, Trans.). London:
Vintage. (Original work published 1953).
Bent, I.D. & Pople, A. (2001). Analysis.
In S. Sadie & Tyrrell, J. (Eds.), The New
Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
(2nd ed).
(pp. 526-89)
London:
Macmillan.
Twigg, J. (2010). How does Vogue negotiate age?: Fashion, the body, and the older woman. Fashion Theory: The
Journal of Dress, Body and Culture,
14(4), 471-490.
Mostrom, A. M., & Blumberg, P. (2012).
Does learning-centred teaching promote grade improvement? Innovative Higher
Education, 37(5), 397-405. doi:
10.1007/s10755-012-9216-1
McMahon, N. (2010). Sex discrimination in the workplace. Caterer and
Hotelkeeper, 200(4647), 52. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/
Vasagar, J. (2011, February 13).
Students get less tuition as cash dwindles. The Observer, p.23.
James Riach (2013,May 31). Olympics:
BOA revels in pounds 5.3m windfall from
London 2012 surplus. The Guardian.
Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com. 7
Type
Electronic newspaper article (freely available)
In-text citation
A top scientist asserts that GM crops could feed the world
(Linden, 2011).
Thesis or dissertation – paper copy
Peck (2000) summarises this by saying… Thesis or dissertation – electronic, retrieved from the University
Repository
It has been argued
(Crines, 2010)…
Thesis or dissertation – electronic, retrieved from the web
According to Marshall,
(2011)…
Website with author
Atherton (2005) makes the point that… Website with organisation as author
Marks and Spencer
(2013) made an underlying profit of
£665.2m without tax during 2012-13.
The social reading project (2013) is …
Unpublished conference paper/poster Published conference paper The digital immigrant
(Bayne & Ross, 2007) is identified by…
Brochure or leaflet
It is crucial to examine patient information when compiling NHS
Reference list
Linden, M. (2011, January 24). GM crops could feed the world says top scientist. The Independent. Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/scie nce/gm-crops-could-feed.the-worldsays-top-scientist-2192790.html Peck, M. (2000). Methodology for analysis and improvement of planning within the engineer to order sector
(Unpublished PhD thesis). University of
Huddersfield, Huddersfield.
Crines, A. (2010). Michael Foot, the role of ideology and the Labour leadership elections of 1976 and 1980 (Doctoral thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/9646/1/acrinesfi nalthesis.pdf
Marshall, D. (2001). The outsourcing process: from decision to relationship management (Doctoral thesis, University of Bath). Retrieved from http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1 5&uin=uk.bl.ethos.341546
Atherton, J.S. (2005). Learning and teaching: cognitive theories of learning.
Retrieved from http://www.learningandteaching.info/lear ning/cognitive.htm
Marks and Spencer. (2013). Your M&S:
Full Year Result 2012/13. Retrieved from http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/ media/press_releases/full_year_results_
201213
Ellis, C., Johnson, Z., & Sharman, A.
(2013, June). Under the covers: a social reading project. Poster presented at the
CLS Poster Prom, Huddersfield.
Bayne, S. & Ross, J. (2007). The ‘digital native’ and ‘digital immigrant’: a dangerous opposition. In Annual
Conference of the Society for Research into Higher Education (SRHE), Brighton,
Sussex. Retrieved from http://www.malts.ed.ac.uk/staff/sian/nat ives_final.pdf
University of Huddersfield. (2010). NHS
Evidence: patient information. Leaflet.
8
Type
British or International
Standard
Government publications Government publication online Film (Cinema)
Film (DVD)
TV & radio programme within a series
UniTube programme
Illustration/photograph in a printed book
Online image
In-text citation evidence (University of Huddersfield,
2010).
According to the strict conventions of proof reading (British
Standards Institution,
2000)…
According to the
Government’s action plan (Department for
Children, Schools and
Families, 2009)…
There is a requirement to “Give local areas the responsibility to draw on research and theoretical models to inform local practice.”
(Department of
Education, 2011,
p.10)
In the film Macbeth,
Wright (2007) portrays Lady
Macbeth as…
In the film Becket,
Glenville (1964) illustrates the complexity…… In The ascent of money, Ferguson
(2008) makes the point that…..
Olusoga in the programme Abraham
Lincoln: saint or sinner (2011) investigates… The creator (Versace,
1991) shows that…
In his photo of Tower
Bridge, Britton (n.d.) makes the statement… Reference list
British Standards Institution. (2005). BS
5261-2:2005: Copy preparation and proof correction: Part 2: Specification for typographic requirements marks for copy preparation and proof correction, proofing procedures. London: BSI.
Department for Children, Schools and
Families.
(2009). The protection of children in England: action plan: the
Government's response to Lord Laming.
(Cm 7589).
Department for Education. (2011). The
Munro review of child protection: final report. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.uk/ Wright, G. (Director). (2007). Macbeth
[Motion picture]. London: Revolver
Entertainment.
Glenville, P. (Director). (1964). Becket.
[DVD]. London: Paramount Pictures.
Ferguson, N. (Writer & Presenter) &
Pennick, A. (Director). (2008). Blowing bubbles [Television series episode]. In
M. Fall (Producer), The ascent of money.
London: C4.
Olusoga, D. (Director & Producer).
(2011). Abraham Lincoln: saint or sinner? [Streaming video file]. London:
BBC4. Retrieved from https://unitube.hud.ac.uk/ Versace, G. (1991). Gold Medusa watch.
[Photograph]. In C. Townsend, Rapture: art’s seduction by fashion since 1970
(p.9). London: Thames and Hudson.
Britton, I. (n.d.). Tower Bridge, London,
England. Photograph. Retrieved from http://www.freefoto.com/preview/31-022?ffid=31-01-2. 9
Type
Art exhibition
In-text citation
The painting in the
Pharmacy collection
(Hirst, 2009) illustrates….. The paintings in
the
Miro exhibition (Miro,
2011) illustrates….
Reference list
Hirst, D. (2009). Pharmacy. [Display]
Exhibited at the Baltic, Gateshead 24
October 2009 - 7 March 2010.
In the recording of
Mozart’s Violin concertos (2006), …
In the first movement of Mozart’s violin concerto no 1 B flat major recorded by
Leonidas Kavakos
(2006, CD 1, track
1)…
In Dylan’s “Blowin’ in the wind” (1989, track 1)
The performance of
Beethoven’s fifth symphony (2009)
Mozart, W.A. (2006). Violin concertos.
[Recorded by L Kavakos]. [CD].
Germany: Sony. 82896842412.
Dylan, B. (1989). Blowin’ in the wind. On
The Freewheelin’ [CD]. New York: Sony.
Music score
Mozart (1993) when composing …
Live production of plays
...as can be seen in the Bristol production of Oscar Wilde’s play,
The importance of being earnest
(Fielding, 2005).
The adaption of The tempest at The Swan
Theatre (Granville,
2001)...
Mozart, W. A., & Druce, D. (1993).
Requiem: For soprano, alto, tenor and bass soli, SATB and orchestra, K626.
London: Novello.
Fielding, D. (Director). (2005, May 7).
The importance of being earnest by
Oscar Wilde, Bristol Old Vic, Bristol.
Art exhibition catalogue
Entire CD, LP, cassette or music DVD
Single track from a CD,
LP, cassette or music
DVD
Live performances
Theatre programmes
Blogs
In his blog, Black
(2011) discusses…
Wikis
The Poor Knights of
Christ and the Temple of Solomon originated
Miro, J. (2011). Miro. [Exhibition catalogue] Exhibited at the Tate Modern,
London 14 April 2011 – 11 September
2011.
Beethoven, L. (2009). Symphony no 5 in
C minor, performed by Halifax Symphony
Orchestra. Victoria Theatre, Halifax. [14
June, 2009].
Granville, P. (Director). (2001, June 8).
The Tempest by William Shakespeare,
[Programme] The Swan Theatre,
Stratford- upon-Avon.
Black, G. (2011, January 6). A new start to data protection in the new year? [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ecclblog/blogen try.aspx?blogentryref=8548
Knights Templar. (2011, March 3).
Retrieved from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Te 10
Type
Podcasts
Personal communications (emails, letters, personal interviews)
Company report from
FAME
Market report from
Mintel
Seminar or lecture notes In-text citation from the Middle Ages
(Knights Templar,
2011)
Porter (2013) argues that… …while “leisure is often the first thing to suffer when funds are tight” (North, personal communication,
August 1,2010)
Tesco had an annual turnover of … (FAME,
2010)
There is a need for cleaners that can clean both carpets and hard surfaces
(Mintel, 2010)
Evidence based practice (Krisnain,
2012) is …
Law reports (cases)
Chalmers v Johns
Acts of Parliament – pre
1963 statutes
Acts of Parliament – post 1963 statutes
According to the
Education Act (1944)
The Identity
Document Act (2010) states Reference list mplar Porter, M. (Producer). (2013, July 2).
Inside health: Hayfever, Diclofenac, cheese molars 2 [Audio podcast].
Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/m edmatters
Personal communications do not appear in the reference list.
FAME. (2010). Company Report of Tesco
PLC. Retrieved from http://fame.bvdep.com. Mintel. (2010). Vacuum cleaners - UK August 2010. Retrieved from http://academic.mintel.com. Krisnain, K.B. (2012). Introduction to modelling and simulation lecture 1.
[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/KesavartiniiBa laKrisnain/simulation-powerpoint-lecturenotes
Chalmers v Johns [1999] 1 FLR 39
Education Act 1944 (7&8 Geo 6 c. 31)
London: HMSO.
Identity Document Act 2010 (c.40)
London: HMSO.
11
Referencing using APA 6th
This guide shows you how to reference various resources both in the body of your work and how to write your reference list.
For further help, visit the referencing library subject guide at http://hud.libguides.com/referencing Also check the academic skills tutors’ webpages at www.hud.ac.uk/students/academicskills This is a condensed version of the University Referencing Guide.
The full version of the reference guide including further examples (e.g. music, theatre etc.) is available at http://hud.libguides.com/referencing This APA 6th guide replaces the Harvard Referencing Guide
Referencing using APA 6th
When you have included information from published sources in your …show more content…
work, you must acknowledge this information fully and accurately by:
Identifying your sources, in a brief format, in the body of your written work (referred to as an in-text citation)
Providing a detailed list of your sources in an alphabetical list at the end of your work (known as a reference list).
There are a number of officially accepted formats that can be used to reference your work. The University preferred referencing style is APA. However, some departments may prefer another style, and it is wise to check with your academic tutors whether your subject area uses another system.
Why reference?
To show that you have done some research and have found relevant information.
To support any claims you have made through reference to an authoritative author on the subject.
To enable readers of your work to trace the sources used and draw their own conclusions from the original works which you have cited.
To avoid being accused of plagiarism. This is using someone else's work as your own without acknowledging it. If you do not acknowledge your source(s) you are guilty of academic misconduct. For more details, please refer to the Student Handbook of Regulations, Assessment Regulation 3 found on the University of Huddersfield website at http://www2.hud.ac.uk/regs. When do you need to reference?
You should acknowledge your source with a reference whenever you …show more content…
include:
a theory, fact, argument or viewpoint attributable to a specific person.
statistics, examples or case studies.
illustrations or musical examples from another source.
direct quotations from another source.
3
paraphrases of any of the above
Quoting and paraphrasing:
Quoting: include author, year and specific page citation or paragraph number for nonpaginated material. If the quote comprises fewer than 40 words, incorporate it into the text and enclose the quotation with double quotation marks. If the quotation appears in midsentence, end the passage with quotation marks and cite the source in brackets immediately after the quotation marks and then continue the sentence. 40 or more words, display in a freestanding block of text and omit quotation marks. The quotation should be started on a new line and indented.
Paraphrasing: you are strongly recommended to provide a page or paragraph number if you are rewriting a particular section of the text and putting it into your own words. If you are summarising, i.e. giving an overview of the whole article/paper or theory rather than focussing on a specific part of the text, then page numbers are not required.
Digital object identifier (doi)
As part of the APA referencing style you may be asked to include a doi number
(digital object identifier). It is a unique and permanent number used to identify electronic and physical documents that persist should a publisher or web address change. The doi begins with a 10 and contains a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. You can find out if an item has a doi by searching for it in
Summon, saving the item to a temporary folder, click on saved items at the bottom of the screen and then select APA. Alternatively, it will be list on the opening page of the pdf:
4
Guidance for citing different numbers of authors, using & or AND and when to abbreviate Use & in your reference list and to join authors when their names appear in brackets. Use the word AND when the names of the authors appear as a natural part of a sentence.
Number of authors
First in-text Citation
Subsequent in-text citations
One author
According to Jarvis
As first citation
(2010), when adults return to education…..
OR (Jarvis, 2010)
Two authors
Three, four or five authors Six or more authors
Corporate author
No author
Anonymous
(Knight & Ruddock,
2008)
OR Knight and Ruddock
(2008) recommend….
Collier, Bide and
Tortora (2009) explain that… OR
(Collier, Bide & Tortora,
2009)
(Lazer et al., 2009)
Lazer et al. (2009) describe…. (National Health
Service [NHS], 2012)
The National Health
Service (NHS, 2012) reported Cite the first 2 or 3 words of the title followed by the year.
Enclose titles of articles, a chapter, or web page in double quotation marks.
Italicise the title of a journal, book, brochure or report.
….in the recent book
Oxford paperback thesaurus (2006).
When a work is anonymous, cite in text the word anonymous followed by a comma and the date.
(Anonymous, 2007)
As first citation
(Collier et al., 2009) OR According to
Collier et al. (2009)
As first citation
(NHS, 2012)
The NHS (2012) reported
As first citation
As first citation
5
Type
Books – one author
In-text citation
According to Jarvis
(2010), when adults return to education…..
OR (Jarvis, 2010)
Reference list
Jarvis, P. (2010). Adult education and lifelong learning: theory and practice
(4th ed.). London: Routledge.
Books – two authors
(Knight & Ruddock,
2008).
OR Knight and
Ruddock (2008) argue that…
Knight, A., & Ruddock, L. (2008).
Advanced research methods in the built environment. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Books – three, four or five authors
In their analysis,
Collier et al. (2009) recommend that...
Collier, B.J., Bide, M.J., & Tortora, P.G.
(2009). Understanding textiles (7th ed.).
London: Pearson Prentice-Hall.
Books – six or more authors Clarke et al. (2010) describes… OR (Clarke et al.,
2010)
Clarke, M., Corbett-Jones, J., Flynn, L.,
Ferry, K., Corrigan, J., Hargreaves, C.,
…Westley, E. (2010). Devils, demons and werewolves. Manchester: Bridge House.
Books - edited books
The media can be harsh in their judgements against the police (Leishman
& Mason, 2003).
OR according to
Leishman and Mason
(2003)…
Leishman, F., & Mason, P. (Eds.).
(2003). Policing and the media. Portland:
Willan Publishing.
Chapter from an edited book Dunderstadt (2009) makes the point that... Dunderstadt, J. (2009). Possible futures for the research library in the 21st century. In D. Barnet & F. Heath (Eds),
The research library in the 21st century
(pp.4-12). Abingdon: Routledge.
Electronic books with doi Electronic books without doi
Smith (2008) stated that…… It could be argued that the witness plays one of the most crucial roles in a court of law (Wall, 2009).
Smith, A. (2008). The wealth of nations. doi: 10.1036/007142363x.
Wall, W. (2009). Forensic science in court: the role of the expert witness.
Retrieved from http://www.dawsonera.com E-readers
…is one important design skill to master
(Sherwin, 2012, section 5: Lick it good). Semprun (2004) discusses… Sherwin, D. (2012). Creative workshop:
80 challenges to sharpen your design skills. [Kindle edition]. Retrieved from www.amazon.co.uk A book written in another language
Semprun, J. (2004). Veinte anos y un dia. [Twenty years and one day].
6
Type
In-text citation
A translated book
De Beauvoir (1953) asserts that ...
Thesaurus/dictionary
According to the definition (Oxford paperback thesaurus,
2008, p.21)…..
Bent and Pople
(2001) argue that...
Oxford paperback thesaurus. (2008).
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Grove (Electronic)
(Bent & Pople, 2010)
The Bible/Qu’ran
Proverbs 15:22 states
“Plans fail for lack of counsel, but with many advisers they succeed.” (New
International Version)
Fashion is an important part of image (Twigg, 2010).
Bent, I.D. & Pople, A. (2010). Analysis.
In Grove Music Online. Oxford Music
Online. Retrieved from http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com. The compact NIV study bible, New
International Version. (1998). London:
Hodder and Stoughton.
Grove (Paper)
Journals
Journal article – electronic with doi
Mostrom and
Blumberg (2012) claim that…
Journal article – electronic without doi
McMahon states that sex discrimination is still rife in the workplace (2010).
The future will see many changes in funding for H.E.
(Vasagar, 2011)
Riach (2013) claims that Locog…
Newspaper - paper copy
Electronic newspaper article (via Summon)
Reference list
Barcelona: Difusion.
De Beauvoir, S. (1988). The second sex.
(H.M. Parshley, Trans.). London:
Vintage. (Original work published 1953).
Bent, I.D. & Pople, A. (2001). Analysis.
In S. Sadie & Tyrrell, J. (Eds.), The New
Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
(2nd ed).
(pp. 526-89)
London:
Macmillan.
Twigg, J. (2010). How does Vogue negotiate age?: Fashion, the body, and the older woman. Fashion Theory: The
Journal of Dress, Body and Culture,
14(4), 471-490.
Mostrom, A. M., & Blumberg, P. (2012).
Does learning-centred teaching promote grade improvement? Innovative Higher
Education, 37(5), 397-405. doi:
10.1007/s10755-012-9216-1
McMahon, N. (2010). Sex discrimination in the workplace. Caterer and
Hotelkeeper, 200(4647), 52. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/
Vasagar, J. (2011, February 13).
Students get less tuition as cash dwindles. The Observer, p.23.
James Riach (2013,May 31). Olympics:
BOA revels in pounds 5.3m windfall from
London 2012 surplus. The Guardian.
Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com. 7
Type
Electronic newspaper article (freely available)
In-text citation
A top scientist asserts that GM crops could feed the world
(Linden, 2011).
Thesis or dissertation – paper copy
Peck (2000) summarises this by saying… Thesis or dissertation – electronic, retrieved from the University
Repository
It has been argued
(Crines, 2010)…
Thesis or dissertation – electronic, retrieved from the web
According to Marshall,
(2011)…
Website with author
Atherton (2005) makes the point that… Website with organisation as author
Marks and Spencer
(2013) made an underlying profit of
£665.2m without tax during 2012-13.
The social reading project (2013) is …
Unpublished conference paper/poster Published conference paper The digital immigrant
(Bayne & Ross, 2007) is identified by…
Brochure or leaflet
It is crucial to examine patient information when compiling NHS
Reference list
Linden, M. (2011, January 24). GM crops could feed the world says top scientist. The Independent. Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/scie nce/gm-crops-could-feed.the-worldsays-top-scientist-2192790.html Peck, M. (2000). Methodology for analysis and improvement of planning within the engineer to order sector
(Unpublished PhD thesis). University of
Huddersfield, Huddersfield.
Crines, A. (2010). Michael Foot, the role of ideology and the Labour leadership elections of 1976 and 1980 (Doctoral thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/9646/1/acrinesfi nalthesis.pdf
Marshall, D. (2001). The outsourcing process: from decision to relationship management (Doctoral thesis, University of Bath). Retrieved from http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1 5&uin=uk.bl.ethos.341546
Atherton, J.S. (2005). Learning and teaching: cognitive theories of learning.
Retrieved from http://www.learningandteaching.info/lear ning/cognitive.htm
Marks and Spencer. (2013). Your M&S:
Full Year Result 2012/13. Retrieved from http://corporate.marksandspencer.com/ media/press_releases/full_year_results_
201213
Ellis, C., Johnson, Z., & Sharman, A.
(2013, June). Under the covers: a social reading project. Poster presented at the
CLS Poster Prom, Huddersfield.
Bayne, S. & Ross, J. (2007). The ‘digital native’ and ‘digital immigrant’: a dangerous opposition. In Annual
Conference of the Society for Research into Higher Education (SRHE), Brighton,
Sussex. Retrieved from http://www.malts.ed.ac.uk/staff/sian/nat ives_final.pdf
University of Huddersfield. (2010). NHS
Evidence: patient information. Leaflet.
8
Type
British or International
Standard
Government publications Government publication online Film (Cinema)
Film (DVD)
TV & radio programme within a series
UniTube programme
Illustration/photograph in a printed book
Online image
In-text citation evidence (University of Huddersfield,
2010).
According to the strict conventions of proof reading (British
Standards Institution,
2000)…
According to the
Government’s action plan (Department for
Children, Schools and
Families, 2009)…
There is a requirement to “Give local areas the responsibility to draw on research and theoretical models to inform local practice.”
(Department of
Education, 2011,
p.10)
In the film Macbeth,
Wright (2007) portrays Lady
Macbeth as…
In the film Becket,
Glenville (1964) illustrates the complexity…… In The ascent of money, Ferguson
(2008) makes the point that…..
Olusoga in the programme Abraham
Lincoln: saint or sinner (2011) investigates… The creator (Versace,
1991) shows that…
In his photo of Tower
Bridge, Britton (n.d.) makes the statement… Reference list
British Standards Institution. (2005). BS
5261-2:2005: Copy preparation and proof correction: Part 2: Specification for typographic requirements marks for copy preparation and proof correction, proofing procedures. London: BSI.
Department for Children, Schools and
Families.
(2009). The protection of children in England: action plan: the
Government's response to Lord Laming.
(Cm 7589).
Department for Education. (2011). The
Munro review of child protection: final report. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.uk/ Wright, G. (Director). (2007). Macbeth
[Motion picture]. London: Revolver
Entertainment.
Glenville, P. (Director). (1964). Becket.
[DVD]. London: Paramount Pictures.
Ferguson, N. (Writer & Presenter) &
Pennick, A. (Director). (2008). Blowing bubbles [Television series episode]. In
M. Fall (Producer), The ascent of money.
London: C4.
Olusoga, D. (Director & Producer).
(2011). Abraham Lincoln: saint or sinner? [Streaming video file]. London:
BBC4. Retrieved from https://unitube.hud.ac.uk/ Versace, G. (1991). Gold Medusa watch.
[Photograph]. In C. Townsend, Rapture: art’s seduction by fashion since 1970
(p.9). London: Thames and Hudson.
Britton, I. (n.d.). Tower Bridge, London,
England. Photograph. Retrieved from http://www.freefoto.com/preview/31-022?ffid=31-01-2. 9
Type
Art exhibition
In-text citation
The painting in the
Pharmacy collection
(Hirst, 2009) illustrates….. The paintings in
the
Miro exhibition (Miro,
2011) illustrates….
Reference list
Hirst, D. (2009). Pharmacy. [Display]
Exhibited at the Baltic, Gateshead 24
October 2009 - 7 March 2010.
In the recording of
Mozart’s Violin concertos (2006), …
In the first movement of Mozart’s violin concerto no 1 B flat major recorded by
Leonidas Kavakos
(2006, CD 1, track
1)…
In Dylan’s “Blowin’ in the wind” (1989, track 1)
The performance of
Beethoven’s fifth symphony (2009)
Mozart, W.A. (2006). Violin concertos.
[Recorded by L Kavakos]. [CD].
Germany: Sony. 82896842412.
Dylan, B. (1989). Blowin’ in the wind. On
The Freewheelin’ [CD]. New York: Sony.
Music score
Mozart (1993) when composing …
Live production of plays
...as can be seen in the Bristol production of Oscar Wilde’s play,
The importance of being earnest
(Fielding, 2005).
The adaption of The tempest at The Swan
Theatre (Granville,
2001)...
Mozart, W. A., & Druce, D. (1993).
Requiem: For soprano, alto, tenor and bass soli, SATB and orchestra, K626.
London: Novello.
Fielding, D. (Director). (2005, May 7).
The importance of being earnest by
Oscar Wilde, Bristol Old Vic, Bristol.
Art exhibition catalogue
Entire CD, LP, cassette or music DVD
Single track from a CD,
LP, cassette or music
DVD
Live performances
Theatre programmes
Blogs
In his blog, Black
(2011) discusses…
Wikis
The Poor Knights of
Christ and the Temple of Solomon originated
Miro, J. (2011). Miro. [Exhibition catalogue] Exhibited at the Tate Modern,
London 14 April 2011 – 11 September
2011.
Beethoven, L. (2009). Symphony no 5 in
C minor, performed by Halifax Symphony
Orchestra. Victoria Theatre, Halifax. [14
June, 2009].
Granville, P. (Director). (2001, June 8).
The Tempest by William Shakespeare,
[Programme] The Swan Theatre,
Stratford- upon-Avon.
Black, G. (2011, January 6). A new start to data protection in the new year? [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ecclblog/blogen try.aspx?blogentryref=8548
Knights Templar. (2011, March 3).
Retrieved from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Te 10
Type
Podcasts
Personal communications (emails, letters, personal interviews)
Company report from
FAME
Market report from
Mintel
Seminar or lecture notes In-text citation from the Middle Ages
(Knights Templar,
2011)
Porter (2013) argues that… …while “leisure is often the first thing to suffer when funds are tight” (North, personal communication,
August 1,2010)
Tesco had an annual turnover of … (FAME,
2010)
There is a need for cleaners that can clean both carpets and hard surfaces
(Mintel, 2010)
Evidence based practice (Krisnain,
2012) is …
Law reports (cases)
Chalmers v Johns
Acts of Parliament – pre
1963 statutes
Acts of Parliament – post 1963 statutes
According to the
Education Act (1944)
The Identity
Document Act (2010) states Reference list mplar Porter, M. (Producer). (2013, July 2).
Inside health: Hayfever, Diclofenac, cheese molars 2 [Audio podcast].
Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/m edmatters
Personal communications do not appear in the reference list.
FAME. (2010). Company Report of Tesco
PLC. Retrieved from http://fame.bvdep.com. Mintel. (2010). Vacuum cleaners - UK August 2010. Retrieved from http://academic.mintel.com. Krisnain, K.B. (2012). Introduction to modelling and simulation lecture 1.
[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/KesavartiniiBa laKrisnain/simulation-powerpoint-lecturenotes
Chalmers v Johns [1999] 1 FLR 39
Education Act 1944 (7&8 Geo 6 c. 31)
London: HMSO.
Identity Document Act 2010 (c.40)
London: HMSO.
11