During Victorian England, there was not much agreement of what should be taught, how it should be taught, how much to pay teachers, or whom to teach.
Each school decided its own curriculum. Relationships between popular teachers and students were much closer, and could even be considered too close or improper in today's society. School students were much more affectionate with each other. Although the upper class generally had the best education, and the places in most schools, there were also "ragged schools". These schools lured poor children into the schools by offering free meals, clothing and lodging. Funding for these schools came from charities and volunteer and/or paid teachers as
staff. Middle and lower class girls earned their apprenticeships at a very young age by helping with babies, sewing and washing laundry, and cooking. Governesses, who even acted as a nanny at times, taught upper class girls in their homes. Women sometimes taught themselves different languages and other subjects by reading dictionaries and other books for a few hours each day. There were very few women's institutes of learning, but some very well-off girls were sent to attend the existing ones. In 1878, forty-three years after the University of London was founded, the school started to admit women under all fields. Some well-known universities were located in the cities of Durham and Dublin, and newer universities were in Liverpool, Birmingham, Nottingham, and Manchester. Founded in 1826, the University College in London provided education to those who could not go to either Oxford or Cambridge, due to lack of money, or for those who did not belong to the Church of England. In 1836, the University College joined with medical schools and other colleges to form the University of London. Having a college education often meant only Oxford or Cambridge. This crippled those who had attended other universities. Although education was starting to improve at the end of the Victorian England Era, few people in the working class had over two or three years of fulltime schooling. However, over time, schooling has become more efficient and temperate.