Preview

Why Did the Russian Revolution Occur in 1917

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1626 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Why Did the Russian Revolution Occur in 1917
Why did the Revolution occur in Russia in 1917?

The Russian Revolution of 1917 occurred for a number of different reasons, all of which are strongly tied up with the Romanov family. For one, the people of the Russian Empire felt exploited due to a series of political, social and economic grievances. Also, it was widely thought that the Tsar, Nicholas Romanov II, was unfit to rule his people. Finally, with the onset of World War 1 (WW1) and the crippling impacts that it had on the lower classes of Russia, the Russian people finally revolted against their ruling authorities, which resulted in the March Revolution and Nicholas’ abdication of the throne. This marked the end of the Romanov Dynasty and the start of Communist Russia.

Russia modernized extremely late, relative to other European countries, and this mid-modernizing period played a large role in the lead up the revolution. Up until then, Russia was still stuck in the social constructs set up in medieval times, such as the hierarchy triangle, in which the Royals were most important, then the Clergy, then the Army, then the Capitalists and finally the working class and peasants. Because of this system, the peasants were the lowest of the low, and although they made up the largest percentage of the population, they had the least rights and had no way of getting out of their social position. They felt the continual onslaught of political, social and economic grievances from the government, for example, up until the early 1880’s, they were not allowed to own land, and even when Tsar Alexander - Nicholas’ father - emancipated them and allowed them to own their own land, they were constantly crippled by taxes of crops and money. These poor living conditions were only magnified when peasants heard stories of the emancipation in other countries in Europe, which eventually resulted in a cry for peasant rights that was not answered fully until the revolution.
A new class had also arisen due to the modernizing of

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    In July 1918, the royal Romanov line was suddenly and brutally ended by the Bolsheviks. The Romanov family had ruled the Russian Empire for over three centuries. The Romanovs reign was one of strict tyranny. Tsar Nicholas II of Russia made one big step toward a more equal Russia by freeing the serfs but because the serfs owned no land they had little to no money still. After WWI when nicholas led Russia to a crushing defeat there was lots of unrest throughout Russia. I think that the main reason the Tsar was forced to abdicate the throne and then was slaughtered is that he made a more equal Russia but in doing so he made the serfs more impoverished than ever, that he had led Russia into multiple wars that had ended badly and that the technology…

    • 151 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    World War 1 was a crucial and defining factor which led to the collapse of the Romanov Dynasty in February, 1917. Without it a revolution would not have happened at this point in time. This is not to say a revolution would not have eventually happened, as there were many other contributing factors that sparked the revolution. However, what World War 1 essentially did was to heighten discontent throughout society enough for it to revolt.…

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    By 1917 most Russians had lost faith in the leadership of Tsar Nicholas II. The first part of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was Russia's terrible involvement in World War I (1914-1918). Militarily, imperial Russia was no match for industrialized Germany, and the Russian death toll was greater than those sustained by any nation in any previous war. ("History.com"). The February Revolution started March 8, 1917 when rioters rioted for bread took to the streets in the Russian capital of Saint Petersburg. Troops were sent to Saint Petersburg to stop the riots; they opened fire and killed the people. In response to the way the riots were being handled Tsar Nicholas II gave up the throne on March 15. The October Revolution or Bolshevik Revolution was led by Vladimir Lenin who launched a nearly bloodless battle against the ad hoc government ("History."). The Bolsheviks and their allies occupied government buildings and other strategic locations in Saint Petersburg, and soon formed a new government with Lenin as its head; he became the virtual dictator of the first Marxist state in the world.…

    • 985 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Undeniably, Nicholas II had an enormous role in bringing about the downfall of the Romanov Dynasty in March 1917. Whilst many historians argue the fall of the Tsarist regime to be the direct response and product of World War I, it is quite evident that it was Nicholas’ inefficient and fatal autocratic ruling which led to the March Revolution of 1917. The effects of Russia’s involvement in numerous wars only heightened and highlighted Nicholas’ unsuitability for the role of Tsar, and his absolute and stubborn belief in autocracy. Had Nicholas’ various choices throughout his reign differed, the Romanov Dynasty could in fact, have existed…

    • 1391 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Essay On Tsarist Autocracy

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The Tsarist autocracy has succeeded for more than three hundred years, but the Russian Revolution that occurred on November 1917 ended the long term autocracy. During this time period, Tsar Nicholas II was the leader of Russia and indeed the last one. He caused Russia’s downfall and made many Russians frustrated about the government. The Tsar did not acknowledge the nation's problems and failed to improve the lives of the citizens. As the Russians struggled with limited rights and lack of help from Nicholas II, they had to make a move. Although peasant unrest led to the Russians protesting and rebelling against the country, the Russian Revolution occurred because of Tsar Nicholas II’s weak leadership, in which he failed to accomplished the Russian’s goals, horribly managed the military, and thought that the system should not change.…

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The peasants were probably the worst off in Russia in the early twentieth century. Although the peasants had been emancipated by Alexander II back in 1861, they still had little freedom while Nicholas was leading. Peasants had to pay redemption payments for land the government had given or lent them but they found it difficult to keep up and often got into debt. The village communities owned and paid for the land together, not as a single person. Peasants had to pay much higher taxes than the landlords and the officials would flog the peasants who didn’t pay their taxes. There were so many pressures in day to day life that many peasants could not support themselves and had to move to cities for work. Peasants had to be granted permission by their fellow commune members to leave the farm. Even once they had left, they were still expected to assist with the redemption payments (Proctor, 1995). The living standards the peasants and their families had to endure were terrible. Russian peasants were still forced into using traditional farming techniques which involved manual labour instead of machine labour. Entire families occupied one room huts and sometimes the living quarters were shared with their livestock. This meant epidemic diseases were prevalent. Peasant’s diets were insufficient and unvaried, mostly…

    • 1124 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Another factor of why the revolution broke out in Russia in 1905 was because of the shortages and high prices of food; this has resulted to create more unrest in the capital St. Petersburg making the society more anti-Tsarist as the people were suffering under Alexander III. Russia also suffered a severe depression due to the unemployment and urban discontent, the peasant population was increasing meanwhile the taxes rose and the arrears had grown resulting in strike in 1902-03 and assassination of the Minister of Interior, Plehve.…

    • 447 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The revolution of 1917 was the culmination of a number of factors coming together and causing the volatile mix of reasons to come together and boil over. The people of Russia where fed up with the horrible conditions they had to put up with and decided to do something about it. Some factor I will discuss include the industrialization,…

    • 1471 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Last of the Romanovs

    • 3074 Words
    • 13 Pages

    The fall of the Romanov Empire changed the face of Russia forever. The royal family, led by Nicholas II, we're imprisoned and eventually assassinated by the Bolsheviks, a political party founded by Vladimir Lenin and Alexander Bogdanov whose main focus was to eliminate the monarchy and employ their own form of democracy. Tsar Nicholas II, his wife, Alexandra, and their only son, Alexei, heir apparent to the throne, were all integral figures in this historical evolution of Russia and its people.…

    • 3074 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    A Nationwide Revolution

    • 1615 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The first reason for the revolution in 1905 was the developments in the Russian countryside and how they produced a general unhappiness among the landowners and even the peasants. A long-term social and economic cause was the continuing dissatisfaction of both these groups to the Emancipation reform of Alexander II in 1861. The Landowners did not approve of the act because it denied them the free labour they had access to before the emancipation of the serfs. They had lost their free labour and large amounts of their land. By 1905 many of the Landowners were facing large debts. Although the act did end serfdom in Russia, the peasants were still angry due to the redemption payments they were expected to pay and the poor quality of land they received. They also disliked the fact that they were still tied to the…

    • 1615 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Russian Revolution Causes

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Russian Revolution was one of the most important revolutions in history. Just like the French people, Russians got tired of being treated unfairly by the Higher classes, and so decided to revolt against them. However unlike the French, they could not be satisfied, or entertained for long by a single revolution, reason why they did many revolts. Each time retreating at its middle, until they finally were annoyed and determined enough to overthrow the Government and change their lives as they knew it. Even so, that wasn’t the only cause of the Russian Revolution, along the many revolts came various relevant causes and events, but only few of them stood out, with such importance to today’s history of the causes for the Russian…

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Was it the work of revolutionaries like Lenin and Trotsky? Certainly not - they were mostly either in prison or in exile. Lenin had said in 1916 that he feared he would not live to see a revolution in Russia!…

    • 2854 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Sir George Buchanan summarized the overriding factor in the lead up to the February Revolution of 1917 when he said about the Tsar, “although his loyalty to his Allies remained unshaken to the last, it was his failure to harness the loyalty of his own people which eventually cost him his throne”. The crux of the revolution was the people’s belief that they were abandoned by the Tsar during World War I. Although the Tsar was well supported early on in the campaign his tentative star steeply declined after he made the bold, but ultimately detrimental decision to leave Petrograd and join the army at the front line. The Tsar felt he was taking the noblest path but this was seen as nothing more than a symbolic abandonment of the Russian people during their time of need. In abandoning the people the Tsar left his inexperienced wife - Tsarina Alexandria - in charge of Russia. Alexandria was to be heavily influenced by the enigmatic Rasputin, who from a peasant background, would influence all members of the royal family and ultimately shape Russia and its future. The people resented the obvious influence that Rasputin exercised on the Tsarina and rumours of an affair between the two were rampant. Another aspect of the war’s role in bringing about revolution is the high casualties of the army due to poor leadership, antiquated methods of warfare, lack of weaponry and ammunition and an inability to transport food. All of these issues combined to make for high rates of casualty and even higher rates of surrender indicating poor morale and an unwillingness to sacrifice oneself for a nation that did not particularly value the individual. Ultimately the military failings led to a public losing faith in both the war and the leader behind the war, Nicholas. In addition to this the exorbitant cost of the war, which between 1914 and 1917 was four times that of the total expenditure of the government in the last peacetime year, 1913. The government managed to raise such huge amounts…

    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    One of the reasons for the 1917 February Revolution was military defeats. In 1914, when Germany was fighting France and Britain in the first world war, the Russians invaded Eastern Germany with two large armies. However the Germans defeated them at the battles of Tannenburg and Masurian Lakes. Also in 1915, Germany turned completely against Russia and launched a series of offensives against the Russian army. By the end of 1915, the Russian forces had been completely driven out of Russian Poland. The Russians were beaten and large areas of Russian territory were overrun. In 1916, the Russians won against the Austrians and regained some territory but the German army attacked Russia in support of their Austrian ally and defeated Russia again. The effort and cost of the war meant terrible suffering for soldiers and civilians. Almost two million soldiers and civilians were killed. At this point during the war, the civilians and soldiers were looking for someone to blame, thus leading to the loss of faith in the Tsar as a leader. Without a trustworthy leader, the people of Russia started to riot and protest more, which eventually led to the outbreak of revolution.…

    • 900 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Duxiu's Ideals

    • 1950 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The tedious workday and the harsh living conditions of a peasant eventually gave way to social unrest and revolution in Russia. Peasants had a harsh life since the beginning, but they never blamed the tsar for their rough living conditions. Approximately 90 percent of Russia were peasants, with the average peasant living to only 35 years old. Many lived in damp and musty homes, which they shared with all types of farm animals. [1] They were part of a larger community where the community and family were more important than the individual, and many of them did not have sufficient education until the 1910s, when the literacy rate rose to 40 percent. [8] At the time, the peasants were not content but tolerable with their current lives. The peasants’…

    • 1950 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays