One of such means termed fluorescence occurs when a substance can be induced into giving off light is through absorption of a photon through light or other means of radiations. During this process, electrons are excited from their standard state. The electrons jump from their highest unoccupied orbital (HUMO) into a certain level of the unoccupied orbital (LUMO). As the electrons loose energy, they fall back to a lower orbital, thus emitting light. 1, 2…
a) Suggest how this reaction can result in the formation of light for the living…
Biological Productivity – what is it? What is Photosynthesis? (its inputs, its outputs); The nature of light, the wavelength (blue vs red), light penetration in the oceans; What is the euphotic zone?… The sea “plants”: what are they? The 3 broad groups and…
The Deep Sea World hypothesis, is many simple metabolic reactions emerging near ancient seafloor hot springs, could be a possibility to the beginning of life. In 1977, scientists discovered biological communities living near seafloor deep sea vents. They were far from sunlight, and were living off of chemical soup that would spew from the underwater geysers. This lead scientists such as Jeff Seawald to…
Abstract: Chemiluminescence occurs in nature and can be found in everyday products. For example, the light omitted by fireflies, deep sea fish and glow sticks is a result of this process. Luminol was synthesized from from 3-nitrophthalic acid and then combined with potassium ferricyanide and hydrogen peroxide to omit a blue light. The product of this reaction is very unstable and is made by losing a nitrogen and the electrons go from an excited state to ground state and energy emitting as a photon creating the blue light.…
-Limnetic zone: open water beyone littoral zone, extends down as far as light penetrates, microscopic organisms…
How glofish works:Their fluorescent colour is produced by a fluorescent protein gene. They occur naturally and are derived from marine organisms. Once the gene goes into the genome of the embryo, the developing fish will pass on the same genes to its offspring. Because of this, scientists don't have to add a fluorescent gene to every fish before it hatches. They are bred from their offspring.…
Surviving in the deep, dark waters… How do they do it? The underwater sea creatures have their own ways of adapting to the harsh environment but they make it despite the circumstances. Between Squids, Zombie Worms, Yeti Crabs and Jellyfish, they all have their own unique skills to adapt. Giant Squids are located near the ocean floor. Their diet consist of mostly fish and other squids making it extremely efficient to get their source of food. The squids main predictor though is the sperm whales. The squids have the advantage of the long tentacles that are tipped with hundreds of powerful toothed suckers which is essential for them to hunt for food. The Giant Squids live for less than five years only because of the growth rings in their statoliths.…
Abstract:Jefferson and Jackson both had prominent presidencies when in office. They both made their mistakes, but both made their essential marks on our nation. Through their contrasting views of political, social, and economic matters, they brought upon different aspects to the presidencies, but they were equally beneficial. Jefferson and Jackson also shared in some similar views when going about their terms as well. Through their similar and contrasting minds, they helped define true democracy, bringing it to what it is today.…
For instance, there is a particularly large jellyfish found at about -1,000 meters that is fluorescent. This fluorescence can be used as a form of protection…
But when not in use, you can make it more visible and add a resort feel with colored underwater LED lights. You can even create light shows with a programmable remote. For lighting in the evening, choose fixtures that fit in seamlessly with the décor to highlight the pool.…
Leaving my family was the hardest thing I could do. I knew it was for a good cause, but after the deaths and such I had to make a decision. Finally I decided not to reenlist due to the people dying all around me, the horrible conditions, and last of all the small huts. Though I thought it would be a fun journey, I had to realize what was actually going on. Hours and hours of deciding on to reenlist or not, I believe I made the right choice.…
The ocean is one of, if not, the largest biome on earth. There are more than one million species of marine life. Covering over 70 percent of the Earth’s surface, the ocean is our planet’s largest habitat, containing 99 percent of the living space on the planet. This area holds the life of nearly 50 percent of all species on Earth. Like lakes, oceans are subdivided into separate zones: intertidal, pelagic, abyssal, and benthic. All four zones have a great diversity of species. The intertidal zone is the region along the shoreline between average low tide and average high tide. In other words, this region goes through cycles of submergence and exposure to air. Animals in this zone must be able to survive the extended periods of exposure. The pelagic zone includes all the open ocean water. The abyssal zone is the deep ocean water, between 6,560 and 19,685 feet deep. The benthic ocean includes the deep ocean bottom inhabited by organisms.…
Located deeper than 2000 meters underneath the ocean surface, lies a biome that we have barely seen and realize. This unbelievable and incredible biome is called the abyssal zone. With a depth reaching down to 6000 meters, it is impossible to inhabit this biome. Conversely, certain organisms have managed to keep their survival in this very biome through particular processes.…
In July of 2007, California Pizza Kitchen (CPK), a casual dining pizzeria started in California by co-owners Rick Rosenfield and Larry Flax, was faced with the decision to invest in a stock repurchase program. Led by Chief Financial Officer Susan Collyns, the financial team of CPK was reviewing the preliminary results for the second quarter to determine if the stock repurchase program would provide a significant financial leverage for the company. The goal was to determine if the company can maintain the necessary financial stability to meet the expected growth trajectory for 2008 while utilizing debt financing for the buyback program. Having started the company using the original funding from the initial public offering in 2000, the co-owners were able to have zero debt financing on the balance sheets while maintaining a substantial borrowing capacity of $75 million with an interest rate of 6.16%. With the recent 10% stock decline, the timing to roll out a stock buyback program would be questionable, however it would reduce the corporate income-tax liability, which was previously $10 million in 2006, and would allow for a debt tax shield. Utilizing the CPK financial statements from 2003-2007, recommendations will be provided to determine the best recapitalization approach for the buyback program.…