Literacy agents can get benefits from the skills of reading and writing that they have. It actually makes them able to do things they cannot do before, such as when someone is reading she or he usually can feel embodied and that kind of feeling actually makes her or him feel accompanied in facing problems or probably the ability in reading or writing can makes someone who is a social-phobic able to get close to other people. Barton et al. (2000:8) mentions that literacy practices are purposeful and embedded in broader social goals and cultural practices so every literacy practice have its own functions or significances to each person. This research used Scribner’s’ three metaphors to describe the significances or functions of literacy represented in the three Fitzgerald’s novels; Literacy as adaptation, literacy as power and literacy as state of grace.
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Literacy as Adaptation
The concept of literacy as adaptation here emphasize on its survival or pragmatic value (Scribner, 1984:8). It is stresses on literacy significances on the individual level. In TSOP, literacy by Amory is used to adapt himself to the educational institution he is attended. When Amory is in his junior years in St. Regis, he could not adapt himself with school’s conditions and requirements but in his senior years he was able to adapt him with the school condition using his ability in literature and literacy. He even got to be the editor of The St. Regis Tattler using his literacy ability and became popular. In Princeton, he also has to face the social stratification in his university.
We’re the damned middle class, that’s what!” he complained to Kerry one day as he lay stretched out on the sofa, consuming a family of Fatimas with contemplative precision.
(Fitzgerald,