Woh 2001

WOH Notes * B.C.E * Before the Common Era * A.D. * Does not mean After Death * Iraq/ Kuwait area named (4) different names * Mesopotamia * Fertile Crescent * Sumeria * Cradle of Civilization * Zigerath * Temples of ancient Sumeria * City State * Independent political economic entity which dominated the area around the city * Bigger than a city, smaller than state * Sumeria * Cuneiform (soonyform) * The language of the city state * Egypt * “Upper Niles” geographically is actually more south * And “Southern Nile” geographically more north
City-State of Minoa * Knossos * 1700 and 1500 B.C.E (no need to memorize) was at its peak under this city * Was an advanced city-state * Based on theocracy * Rule of law based on religion * Sports * Bull-leaping * Minoa Religion * Involved prostitution * Had natural A.C, running water, and labyrinth (maze) * Illiad * Siege of troy * Odyssey * More magical than Illiad about a guy trying to find mother * Ancient Greece * To become excluded socially is the ultimate shame * Honor is everything * Sparta * Would favor raising boys vs girls * There was a slight sense of homosexuality in the culture (more appropriate: Bisexuality) * Highest military power, but with fear * Very militaristic * Athens * Houses the city-state: Greece * Solon * Man who established a reform * Ended aristocratic rule in Athens and made a citizen based society (but didn’t make everyone equal) * Had 400 people in his council * Best navy * Cleisthenes * Complicated reforms * Included some lower classes in Athenian democracy * He based citizenship on residency rather than