Bio 112 notes
Archasea Bacteria Luca
Last Universal Common Ancestor
Lucas Characheristics deduce form shared characteristics of A + B today:
DNA (cf. RNA) genome
No nuclear membrane or intracellular organelles
Electron Transport Chains
(ETC)- ATP (energy)
Proteins
Same genetic code
Prokaryontes 2.75 bya, are responsible for a dramatic increase in atmospheric O2.
Cyanobacteria = photosynthesizing bacteria + related prokaryontes
Evidence of O2 increase:
Rust in rock (= Fe oxide) dates to 2.75 bya
Increase in O2 cause FeO precipitation FeO (solid) rock sediment
O2 level generated 2.75 bya only 10% more of current
Major O2 increase came later with plant colonization of land
(chapter 25)
Fungal and animals arose from protest ancestors
Animals arose form a choanoflagellate-like protest
Animals and fungi evolved from protest ancestors
Unikonta Supergroup
Unikonta= flagellated protists or ancestors were of this type
Evidence that animals arose from choanaflagellate ancestor
DNA sequence is most similar of protist animals
Some animals have choanoglagellate-like cells in their anatomy
Eg. Sponges-choanocytes=feeding cells
Also Cnidaria(flat worms) have choanoflagellate-like cells
Animals come from a colonial form (since they are multi-cellular)
Land plants evolved from PROTIST ancestor
Supergroup: Archaeplastida
Closest protist relative to land plants= charophyceans of green algae
Land plants evolved from a charophycean-like ancestor
Evidence:
DNA sequence similarity
Morphological & physiological similarities
Only a small fraction of Proks cause disease
Most important role= recycling in the ecosystem
Prokaryotes:
Can fix inorganic materials (eg Co, Fe, S) into forms that other organisms can use
Decomposers: breakdown materials and release them into the environment
Prokaryotes occupy almost every environment in ecosystem
Because –very adaptable.
This comes from
Can divide rapidly
Last Universal Common Ancestor
Lucas Characheristics deduce form shared characteristics of A + B today:
DNA (cf. RNA) genome
No nuclear membrane or intracellular organelles
Electron Transport Chains
(ETC)- ATP (energy)
Proteins
Same genetic code
Prokaryontes 2.75 bya, are responsible for a dramatic increase in atmospheric O2.
Cyanobacteria = photosynthesizing bacteria + related prokaryontes
Evidence of O2 increase:
Rust in rock (= Fe oxide) dates to 2.75 bya
Increase in O2 cause FeO precipitation FeO (solid) rock sediment
O2 level generated 2.75 bya only 10% more of current
Major O2 increase came later with plant colonization of land
(chapter 25)
Fungal and animals arose from protest ancestors
Animals arose form a choanoflagellate-like protest
Animals and fungi evolved from protest ancestors
Unikonta Supergroup
Unikonta= flagellated protists or ancestors were of this type
Evidence that animals arose from choanaflagellate ancestor
DNA sequence is most similar of protist animals
Some animals have choanoglagellate-like cells in their anatomy
Eg. Sponges-choanocytes=feeding cells
Also Cnidaria(flat worms) have choanoflagellate-like cells
Animals come from a colonial form (since they are multi-cellular)
Land plants evolved from PROTIST ancestor
Supergroup: Archaeplastida
Closest protist relative to land plants= charophyceans of green algae
Land plants evolved from a charophycean-like ancestor
Evidence:
DNA sequence similarity
Morphological & physiological similarities
Only a small fraction of Proks cause disease
Most important role= recycling in the ecosystem
Prokaryotes:
Can fix inorganic materials (eg Co, Fe, S) into forms that other organisms can use
Decomposers: breakdown materials and release them into the environment
Prokaryotes occupy almost every environment in ecosystem
Because –very adaptable.
This comes from
Can divide rapidly