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botany
Different Types of Simple Fruit
Type of fruit
Example
A. Fleshy

1. Berry Vitis vinifera (grape) Persea Americana (avocado)
2. Drupe Mangifera indica (mango) Canarium ovatum (pili)
3. Hesperidium

Citrus sp. (orange)
4. Pepo

Cucurbita maxima (squash)
5. Pome

Malus sylvestris (apple)

B. Dry Dehiscent

1. Capsule Ricinus communis Hibiscus esculentus (okra)
2. Pod or Legume Arachis hypogaea (nut) Crotalaria incana
3. Loment
Desmodium procumbens
4. Silique Tecoma stans (yellow bell) Spathodea campanulata

C. Dry Indehiscent

1. Achene

Sunflower
2. Cypsella

Tridax procumbens (wild daisy)
3. Caryopsis/Grain Zea mays (corn) Oryza sativa (rice)

4. Nut

Anacardium occidentale (kasuy)
5. Samara/key
Pterocarpus vidalianus

Different Types of Compound Fruit
Types of Fruit
Example
Aggregate

Anona Reticulata (atis)
Multiple

Ananas comosus (pineapple)

Edible portion of some fruits and seeds and their floral origin
Plant Specimen
Edible Portion
Floral Origin

Psidium guajava (guava)
Receptacle and Pericarp (fruit wall)
Ovary wall

Zea mays (corn)
Starchy endosperm
Ovary wall

Vigna radiate (munggo)
Seed (cotyledon)
Ovule

Phaseolus lunatus (beans)
Cotyledon
Ovary wall

Carica papaya (papaya)
Mesocarp, Endocarp, Carpel wall
Ovary wall

Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato)
Pericarp and Placenta
Placenta

Citrus sp. (orange)
Juicy placental hairs
Integument

Structural modifications of fruit and seeds to natural dispersal
Structural Modification
Natural Dispersing Agent
Example
Winged pericarp
Wind

Triplaris cumingiana
Hairy appendage
Wind

Imperata cylindrica
Awns and barbs
Man

Chrysopogon aciculatus
Edible fruits
Man, animals

Psidium guajava (guava)
Fibrous pericarp
Water

Cocos nucifera
Winged seeds
Wind

Tecoma stans (yellow bell),
Dehiscent pericarp
Mechanical actions

Hibiscus esculentus (okra)
Pappus on seeds
Wind

Tridax procumbens (wild daisy)
Edible pericarp
Man

Vitis vinifera (grape)

Lower Vascular Plants

Psilotum nudum-

Lycopodium sp.-

Selaginella sp.-

Equisetum sp.-

Higher Vascular Plants

Nephrolepis sp.-
Cycas revolute-

Pinus sp.-

Magnoliophyta-

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