8. Be able to explain the classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints of management. (p 43)
Classical viewpoint: Emphasis on ways to manage work more efficiently.
Behavior viewpoint: Emphasis on importance of understanding human behavior and motivating and encouraging employees toward achievement.
Quantitative viewpoint: Applies quantitative techniques to management.
9. Know the four parts of a system and be able to explain each. (p 53)
1. Inputs are the people, money, information, equipment, and materials required to produce an organization’s goods or services. Whatever goes into a system is an input.
2. Transformation processes are the organization’s capabilities in management, internal processes, and technology that are applied to converting inputs into outputs. The main activity of the organization is to transform in- puts into outputs.
3. Outputs are the products, services, profits, losses, employee satisfaction or discontent, and the like that are produced by the organization. Whatever comes out of the system is an output.
4. Feedback is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs. Are the customers buying or not buying the product? That information is feedback.
10. What is TQM and why is it important to an organization’s success? (p 59)
Total quality management (TQM): comprehensive approach-led by top management and supported throughout the organization- dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction.
Because:
1. Make continuous improvement a priority
2. Get every employee involved
3. Listen to and learn from customers and employees
4. Use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems
11. Be able to explain the internal and external stakeholders that organizations must serve. (p 69-75)
Internal stakeholders: consist of employees, owners, and the