Special Senses
Q.1. What is the distribution of rods and cones on the retina? What results did we observe from the visual field experiment that confirms this? In your response describe the data collected and correlate the data with the known distribution of rods and cones.(10 points) Rods are very sensitive and respond to very dim light making them best suited for night and peripheral vision. Cones need bright light for activation because they have a low sensitivity but react more rapidly. Cones furnish vivid colored views while rods perceive more gray tones. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013, p. 559)
Q.2. Describe the path of a sound wave from the time it reaches the pinna to the deflection of the tectorial membrane. In a separate paragraph briefly explain why hearing is mechanical in nature. (5 points)
1. Sound waves vibrate the tympanic membrane.
2. Auditory ossicles vibrate. Pressure is amplified.
3. Pressure waves created by the stapes pushing on the oval window move through fluid in the scala vestibuli.
4a. Sounds with frequencies blow hearing travel through the helicotrema and do not excite hair cells.
4b. Sounds in the hearing range go through the cochlear duct, vibrating the basilar membrane and deflecting hairs on inner hair cells. The hearing process is completely mechanical. Your sense of smell, taste and vision all involve chemical reactions, but your hearing system is based solely on physical movement. (Harris, n.d., para. 1)
Q.3. Describe the structures normally found on fundascopic exam of the eye. What is the benefit of being able to visualize the retinal blood vessels and optic nerve? (5 points) When a fundascopic exam of the eye is performed, one looks at structures lying in the innermost aspect of the globe, collectively known as the eyegrounds: retina, retinal blood vessels, optic nerve head (disk), and to a limited degree, subjacent choroid. (Schneiderman, 1990) The benefit of being able to visualize the retinal blood vessels and optic nerve
Q.2. Describe the path of a sound wave from the time it reaches the pinna to the deflection of the tectorial membrane. In a separate paragraph briefly explain why hearing is mechanical in nature. (5 points)
1. Sound waves vibrate the tympanic membrane.
2. Auditory ossicles vibrate. Pressure is amplified.
3. Pressure waves created by the stapes pushing on the oval window move through fluid in the scala vestibuli.
4a. Sounds with frequencies blow hearing travel through the helicotrema and do not excite hair cells.
4b. Sounds in the hearing range go through the cochlear duct, vibrating the basilar membrane and deflecting hairs on inner hair cells. The hearing process is completely mechanical. Your sense of smell, taste and vision all involve chemical reactions, but your hearing system is based solely on physical movement. (Harris, n.d., para. 1)
Q.3. Describe the structures normally found on fundascopic exam of the eye. What is the benefit of being able to visualize the retinal blood vessels and optic nerve? (5 points) When a fundascopic exam of the eye is performed, one looks at structures lying in the innermost aspect of the globe, collectively known as the eyegrounds: retina, retinal blood vessels, optic nerve head (disk), and to a limited degree, subjacent choroid. (Schneiderman, 1990) The benefit of being able to visualize the retinal blood vessels and optic nerve