Child abuse and neglect for adult survivors is consists of any acts of commission or omission by a parent, caregiver or other adult that results in harm, potential for harm, or the threat of harm to a child around the age 0 to 18 years old, even if the harm is unintentional. It can be in the form of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and witnessing domestic violence. Child abuse and neglect is most likely to arise from the interaction of numerous risk factors . Effect of child abuse and neglect for adult survivors will cause physical health problem, childhood trauma and mental health problems.
The implication of child abuse and neglect for adult survivors will cause physical health problems. Adults with a history of child abuse and neglect are more likely to have physical health problems and chronic pain symptoms. Research indicates that adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect have more health problems than the general population, including diabetes, gastrointestinal problems, arthritis, headaches, gynecological problems, stroke, hepatitis and heart disease. In addition, exposure to abuse and neglect in childhood may also contribute to the development of chronic pain disorders in adulthood. Studies assessing the abuse and neglect history of chronic pain patients indicated that patients were more likely to report having been abused or neglected in childhood than healthy controls.
Next, it may cause childhood trauma. Through experiences of childhood trauma caused by abuse or neglect can lead to a variety of overwhelming emotions, such as anger, sadness, guilt, and shame. In order to avoid such feelings, children can take refuge in dissociation, denial, amnesia, or emotional numbing. Adult survivors of childhood trauma may also find it difficult to control emotions and or actions. For adults with a history of childhood trauma, recollections of past trauma can almost be as