Vertebrates
Chapter 34
Vertebrates
PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for
Biology
Eighth Edition
Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Key Ideas
1. List the derived traits for: chordates, craniates, vertebrates, gnathostomes, tetrapods, amniotes, birds, mammals, primates, humans
2. Explain what Haikouella and Myllokunmingia tell us about craniate evolution
3. Describe the trends in mineralized structures in early vertebrates
4. Describe and distinguish between
Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes, noting the main traits of each group
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Key Ideas
1. Describe the trends in mineralized structures in early vertebrates 2. Compare Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes.
3. Describe an amniotic egg and explain its significance in the evolution of reptiles and mammals
4. Explain why the reptile clade includes birds
5. Distinguish among monotreme, marsupial, and eutherian mammal. 6. Describe the evolution of Homo sapiens from australopith ancestors, and clarify the order in which distinctive human traits arose.
7. Explain the significance of the FOXP2 gene.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Overview: Half a Billion Years of Backbones
• Early in the Cambrian period, about 530 million years ago, an astonishing variety of animals inhabited Earth’s oceans
• One type of animal gave rise to vertebrates, one of the most successful groups of animals
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 34-1
• The animals called vertebrates get their name from vertebrae, the series of bones that make up the backbone
• There are about 52,000 species of vertebrates, including the largest organisms ever to live on the Earth
•
Vertebrates
PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations for
Biology
Eighth Edition
Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Key Ideas
1. List the derived traits for: chordates, craniates, vertebrates, gnathostomes, tetrapods, amniotes, birds, mammals, primates, humans
2. Explain what Haikouella and Myllokunmingia tell us about craniate evolution
3. Describe the trends in mineralized structures in early vertebrates
4. Describe and distinguish between
Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes, noting the main traits of each group
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Key Ideas
1. Describe the trends in mineralized structures in early vertebrates 2. Compare Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes.
3. Describe an amniotic egg and explain its significance in the evolution of reptiles and mammals
4. Explain why the reptile clade includes birds
5. Distinguish among monotreme, marsupial, and eutherian mammal. 6. Describe the evolution of Homo sapiens from australopith ancestors, and clarify the order in which distinctive human traits arose.
7. Explain the significance of the FOXP2 gene.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Overview: Half a Billion Years of Backbones
• Early in the Cambrian period, about 530 million years ago, an astonishing variety of animals inhabited Earth’s oceans
• One type of animal gave rise to vertebrates, one of the most successful groups of animals
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Fig. 34-1
• The animals called vertebrates get their name from vertebrae, the series of bones that make up the backbone
• There are about 52,000 species of vertebrates, including the largest organisms ever to live on the Earth
•