AP1 chap 1study guide
AP1 Chapter 1 Study Guide
1. List the functional characteristics common to humans and other organisms; explain the importance of each to maintaining life and what are the survival needs of living things.
A. Necessary Life Functions- Maintaining Boundaries, Movement, Responsiveness, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion, Reproduction, and Growth.
B. Survival needs- Nutrients, Oxygen, Water, Normal Body Temperature, and Appropriate Atmospheric Pressure.
2. Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe their subdivisions.
Anatomy- Greek meaning “to cut apart”- studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.
Physiology- Concerns the function of how the body parts work and carry out their life –sustaining activities.
Anatomy Subdivisions
A. Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy- Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.
*Gross anatomy subdivisions
I. Regional Anatomy- All structures (muscles, bones, blood vessels, nerves etc.) in a particular region of the body such as the abdomen or leg, are examined at the same time.
II. Systemic Anatomy- Body structure is studied system by system.
III. Surface Anatomy- The study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface.
B. Microscopic anatomy- deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.
*Microscopic anatomy subdivisions
I. cytology- study of cells of the body
II. histology- study of tissues
C. Developmental anatomy- traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout a life span.
*Developmental anatomy subdivision
I. Embryology- developmental changes that occur before birth.
Physiology Subdivisions
A. Renal physiology- kidneys function
B. Neurophysiology- workings of the nervous system
C. Cardiovascular physiology- operation of the heart and blood vessels
3. Explain the principle of complementarity.
Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always reflects structure. What a structure can do depends
1. List the functional characteristics common to humans and other organisms; explain the importance of each to maintaining life and what are the survival needs of living things.
A. Necessary Life Functions- Maintaining Boundaries, Movement, Responsiveness, Digestion, Metabolism, Excretion, Reproduction, and Growth.
B. Survival needs- Nutrients, Oxygen, Water, Normal Body Temperature, and Appropriate Atmospheric Pressure.
2. Define Anatomy and Physiology and describe their subdivisions.
Anatomy- Greek meaning “to cut apart”- studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.
Physiology- Concerns the function of how the body parts work and carry out their life –sustaining activities.
Anatomy Subdivisions
A. Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy- Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.
*Gross anatomy subdivisions
I. Regional Anatomy- All structures (muscles, bones, blood vessels, nerves etc.) in a particular region of the body such as the abdomen or leg, are examined at the same time.
II. Systemic Anatomy- Body structure is studied system by system.
III. Surface Anatomy- The study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface.
B. Microscopic anatomy- deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye.
*Microscopic anatomy subdivisions
I. cytology- study of cells of the body
II. histology- study of tissues
C. Developmental anatomy- traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout a life span.
*Developmental anatomy subdivision
I. Embryology- developmental changes that occur before birth.
Physiology Subdivisions
A. Renal physiology- kidneys function
B. Neurophysiology- workings of the nervous system
C. Cardiovascular physiology- operation of the heart and blood vessels
3. Explain the principle of complementarity.
Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always reflects structure. What a structure can do depends