The Antarctic treaty was signed on the 1st December 1959 in Washington. It was originally signed by 12 nations. These 12 nations are the nations that are consulted at all decisions. More nations were added to the treaty as time progressed and the treaty was put in action on 23rd June 1961.
What does the treaty cover?
The 1961 treaty covers 5 key areas which are very important. They are;
- Countries that sign up are allowed to carry out scientific experiments but must share their findings.
- Nuclear weapons and dumping of radioactive are forbidden in Antarctica.
- No military activity in Antarctica- Antarctica only promotes peace and unity.
- Claims to Antarctica are set aside until the treaty breaks.
- The treaty promotes Antarctica as a place of teaching and Scientific research.
Scientific research in Antarctica
Antarctica is full of things that are yet to be discovered. This is why the different countries, which are bound to the treaty, send scientists out to research and share their findings with the rest of them. Antarctica is the place where many scientists can only dream of visiting. The types of scientists involved include zoologists, oceanographers, geologists, seismologists and many more.
Interesting findings
When I was researching science in Antarctica, it mentioned Mount Erebus which is actually an active volcano on Ross island, Antarctica. Many scientists have dedicated their lives spending time at Mount Erebus and finding out more about it.
Promoting Antarctica
The treaty promotes Antarctica as a good place to undertake scientific research. They want people to come out to Antarctica, representing their country and finding out as much as they need to know about Antarctica.
‘The full Antarctic treaty system’
There are 4 other things that make up the whole treaty basically. They are;
- Agreed measures for the conservation of Antarctic flora and fauna.
- Convention on the conservation of