federal income tax was established in 1913 and since then it has become so complex that it requires millions of Americans to seek professional help every year. In addition to that‚ an expensive federal bureaucracy is required to enforce and administer the tax. The tax law was created to provide programs and services to the people that people wouldn’t want to pay for themselves. And through the tax system‚ we pay for these services that the government provides us. As much as a tax system is needed
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Absorption and marginal costing (Relevant to AAT Examination Paper 3: Management Accounting) Li Tak Ming‚ Andy Deputy Head‚ Department of Business Administration‚ Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Kwai Chung) Introduction Absorption costing and marginal costing are alternative cost accumulation systems used to ascertain product or job costs for inventory valuation and cost of sales. Absorption costing Absorption costing includes both variable and fixed production costs in the cost units
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Afghanistan’s state-building and reconstruction agenda. International experience suggests that the larger the tax gap (the difference between the taxes actually paid and what should be paid according to existing laws and statutes)‚ the more radical are the changes needed. With a tax gap on the order of 60%‚ Afghanistan needs to adopt a comprehensive strategy including revamping of the tax administration in order to obtain significant improvements in compliance. Based on the more detailed analysis
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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Definition of Tax “Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return in benefit to the tax payer” According to section 2 (62) of the ITO (Income Tax Ordinance) 1984: “Tax means the income tax payable under ordinance and includes any additional tax‚ excess profit tax‚ penalty‚ interest‚ fees or other charges leviable or payable under this ordinance.” Characteristics of Tax i. Tax is a payment to the government by the people. ii. Payment of taxes is non-penal
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and 2009. Industries % 1989 Manufacturing Retail Healthcare Construction Education Tourism 2009 15% 11.8% 9.6 % 7.6% 6.8% 5.5% 替换词 Working population‚ those in the workforce 如果你想描述 15% 这个数字 分子：15（制造业的劳动力） 100 （整个国家的劳动力） 9.8% 10.1% 11.3% 8.3% 7.5% 7.3% 可以说： 1 15% of the country’s working population worked in the manufacturing sector. 2 Those working in the manufacturing sector accounted for 15% of the country’s working population. 这个图是动态，强调趋势 总共有六个行业，分开写 第一段写 retail‚ healthcare，因为 2009 年的数据比较高
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An analysis of strategy used by Barclays capital for its Hedge fund returns and measures used by it to gain the trust of their investors Table of Contents: 1. Aims and objective 2. Introduction 3. Justification of study 4. Literature review 5. Hypothesis 6. Methodology 7. Conclusion 8. Bibliography Aims and objectives: * An analysis of the strategy used by the Barclays bank to get high returns from its hedge funds * A critical review
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An assignment on tax free and tax saving investment. Group 6 members: Oduwole femi moses 09aa08565 Offoma ruby 09aa08566 Ofodile nnamdi 09aa08567 Ogbebor iyayi evans 09aa08568 Ogodeton Kelvin 09aa08569 Ogubanjo oluwatobi 09aa08570 Ogunfuye oluwayomi 09aa08571 Ogunnbi eniola 09aa08572 Ogunjemilusi olorunfemi 09aa08573 Ojesanmi temitope 09aa08574 Okafor chioma 09aa08575 Okagbuzo uwaremeo 09aa08576 Okocha desmond 09aa08577 GROUP LEADER: OGODETON
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1. You are offered a T-note that pays $1‚000 in 9 months (or 270 days) for $910. You have $910 in a bank that pays a 5% nominal rate‚ with 365 daily compounding. You plan to leave the money in the bank if you don’t buy the risk-free T-note. Which investment should you choose? Use the following all three solution methods to verify your answer. Greatest future wealth: FV Figure out FV of $910 left in a bank with 9 months‚ and then compare with T-note’s FV=$1‚000 Inputs: N = 270‚ I/Y =5%/365=0
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aware of at least the basics of financial plans which are revenue‚ cost and profit. These three things can make or break a company. Each of these things must be understood and considered before plans can be laid to create or better a company. Revenue is the amount a company receives (Marginal Revenue‚ 2009). If a company is in the business of sales‚ revenue is the amount of money the company receives per unit sold. Marginal revenue is the amount of money a company receives for the last unit
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