Subject: Taxation Topic: Advantages Of Direct Taxes & Impacts Of Indirect Taxes on Corporate sector By: Vrushika Sheth Introduction on Tax To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or
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CHAPTER 1--AN INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION AND UNDERSTANDING THE FEDERAL TAX LAWCHAPTER 1--AN INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION AND UNDERSTANDING THE FEDERAL TAX LAW Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. The ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was necessary to validate the Federal income tax on corporations. True False 2. Before the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution was ratified‚ there was no valid Federal income tax
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English 10 Final Examination—Practice Test Name____________________________ Date_____________________________ Instructor_________________________ A. Parts of Speech. Above each of the underlined words indicate whether it is a noun (N)‚ pronoun (Pro)‚ verb (V)‚ adjective (Adj)‚ adverb (Adv)‚ preposition (Prep)‚ or conjunction (Conj). One (1) point each. 1. As a young reader‚ he enjoyed comic books and magazines. 2. The Emancipation Proclamation called for the release of slaves in
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CONFIDENTIAL CS/SEPT 2014/QMT339 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL LAB TEST COURSE : SPREADSHEET MODELING AND DECISION ANALYSIS COURSE CODE : QMT339 EXAMINATION : SEPTEMBER 2014 TIME : 3 HOURS NAME : ____________________________________________________________ GROUP : ____________________ STUDENT ID LECTURER : ____________________________________________________________ : _________________________ INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. This question paper consists of two part: PART
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INTRODUCTION TO TAXATION Unlike most transfers‚ which are voluntary‚ taxation is compulsory. That’s needed because of free-rider problem (no one will have injective to contribute) Modern taxes are monetized (individuals provide just money) Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods. Tariffs protect domestic producers. Taxes can be divided to: • direct • indirect Direct taxes are individual income tax‚ payroll tax (used to finance social) security‚ corporation income tax
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GANDHI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LAW PUNJAB‚ PATIALA CONSTITUTIONAL LAW THE PROJECT ON: SUPREME COURT’S APPROACH IN UOI v. H.S. DHILLON (1971 2 SCC 779) SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF B.A‚ LL.B (Hons.) THIRD SEMESTER 10th NOVEMBER 2014 SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY- Mr. Krishan Mahajan GROUP NO. XVI- Professor of Law
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Presumptive Taxation A presumptive or imputed tax is generally a proxy for the standard tax. It is applied when the tax base is too small or hard to verify‚ due to limited administrative resources‚ or improper accounting practices. According to a definition by Ahmed and Stern (1991)‚ “The term presumptive taxation covers a number of procedures under which the ‘desired’ base for taxation (direct or indirect) is not itself measured‚ but is inferred from some simple indicators which are more easily
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Adam Smith’s Four Main Canons of Taxation ↓ A good tax system is one which is designed on the basis of an appropriate set of principles (rules). The tax system should strike a balance between the interest of the taxpayer and that of tax authorities. Adam Smith was the first economist to develop a list of Canons of Taxation. These canons are still regarded as characteristics or features of a good tax system. Adam Smith gave following four important canons of taxation. 1. Canon of Equity The principle
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ECONOMIC REFORMERS Low Tax Generation And Pakistan’s Economy Group Members Haider Waseem Anwar Eamaan Azhar Arain Warda Zahid Adiya Farooq Muneeb Abbas introduction Pakistan is currently facing critical tax revenue generation issues. The low tax to GDP ratio has been a major problem that affects the overall economy of Pakistan. The current tax to GDP ratio is under 10 % according to the latest FBR report (Where developing countries have a tax to GDP ratio of around 20 %‚ and developed
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Canons/Principles of Taxation By Adam Smith: Adam smith‚ the father of modem political economy‚ has laid down four principles or cannons of taxation in his famous book "Wealth of Nations". These principles are still considered to be the starting point of sound public finance. Adam Smith’s celebrated cannons of taxation are: (1) Cannon of equality or ability‚ (2) Cannon of certainty‚ (3) Cannon of convenience‚ and (4) Cannon of economy. (1) Canon of equality or ability: Canon of equality
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