Abstract This lab is performed in order to determine the total energy in a reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid. The reaction is done twice‚ once to measure the heat of the reaction and again to determine the work done in the system. This is because Enthalpy equals heat plus work (∆H= ∆E+W). Heat and work can be broken down further into separate components so the equation used in lab is ∆H=mc∆T + PV. Many calculations are used in the lab to find out what cannot be measured directly (ex:
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Dehydration refers to a chemical reaction where the reactant loses a water molecule. In the presence of a strong acid like 85% phosphoric acid‚ an alcohol like-2-methylcyclohexanol can be dehydrated to form an alkene. In this experiment‚ alcohol was dehydrated by E1 elimination‚ in order to synthesize cyclohexene. First‚ alcohol is protonated by the acid. Second‚ during E1 elimination‚ a carbocation is formed by the removal of an oxonium ion to yield a secondary and a tertiary carbocation. The receiving
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franciscana are known to live in high salinity lakes that are often basic (Biology 108 Lab Manual 2015). Furthermore‚ A. franciscana feed on photosynthetic phytoplankton which inhabit areas of light availability but are also more susceptible to predation in highly-lit areas (Biology 108 Lab Manual 2015). Also‚ A. franciscana can withstand a broad range of temperature except extreme values may affect survival (Biology 108 Lab Manual 2015). In this experiment‚ the habitat
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et al Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to determine how light affected photosynthesis‚ specifically the production of O2 bubbles. It was predicted that when the light was more intense the O2 bubble production will be high. Conversely‚ when the light was less intense the O2 bubble production will be lower. Basically the plant that is closer to the light will produce more bubbles than the plant that is placed farther away from the light source. In this lab the independent variable is the light
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Hypothesis: For an increase in a normal force‚ there will be a corresponding increase in friction. Introduction: Force is usually connected with a push or pull exerted on an object. In this experiment‚ I am using a contact force‚ a force that exists from physical contact between two things. I am pulling the spring scale‚ which measure force in Newtons (kg x m/s2)‚ and then the block is moving. Different masses (kg)‚ or the measure of the resistance of an object to changes in its motion due
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that cigarettes release more then 20 carcinogens know to promote lung cancer into your body. (Hecht‚ 2010). When looking at the cilia exposed to cigarette smoke in this lab it is seen that they have been greatly slowed down when compared to the uncontaminated cilia‚ and parts of the cells are covered in tar from the tobacco. For this lab it was hypothesized that smoking will inhibit the ciliary action and lower the quality filter the greater affect will be exhibited by the effected cilia. The prediction
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Joshua Berkebile 8-26-10 1st period Density Lab The purpose of this lab was to find the mass‚ the length‚ the width and the height of 4 different cubes so we could calculate the volume and density of them. We also had to find the density of irregular shapes by dropping them into a graduated cylinder than subtracting the starting water volume by the ending water volume. Density is how much mass is in a certain volume of matter. Volume is the amount of room that an object
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The Effect of Concentration on Absorbance Background Information The purpose of the “Determining Solution ‘Concentration’ Using A Spectrophotometer” lab was to use a spectrophotometer to find the relationship of concentration and absorbance obeying the Beer-Lambert law‚ which states concentration and absorbance are directly related‚ to then further determine the concentration of three unknown solutions. With the assumption that the solutions obey the Beer-Lambert law it is predicted that as concentration
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hope to fully understand the Stroop effect‚ yet several issues remain open. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether the Stroop phenomenon is equally strong in both brain hemispheres. Participants collected from our research methods lab were asked to complete an online experiment measuring the time of interference it took them to depict the color of the ink of the color-words. Furthermore‚ each color was assigned a number. For example‚ the ink color red was represented by the number
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Abstract: Two parts of this lab were performed involving photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The first part of the lab consisted of cutting out spinach leaf disks with a straw and then putting them into syringes containing an infiltration solution and sodium bicarbonate. Then the syringes were place under the presence of light and watched as certain disks floated. This part of the lab consisted of watching photosynthesis take place. Then for the second part of the lab we tested cellular respiration
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