fight response‚ also called the "acute stress response" was first described by Walter Cannon in the 1920s as a theory that animals react to threats with a general discharge of the sympathetic nervous system.[4] [5] In response to acute stress‚ acetylcholine is released from preganglionic sympathetic nerves that innervate the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. As a consequence‚ the chromaffin cells secrete the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) into the general circulation. This provides readily
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pulled and they tend to return to their original shape after contracting or extending them. Muscle contractions occur when our nervous system sends a signal via the neuromuscular junctions the signal arrives at the end bulb‚ the vesicles release acetylcholine and diffuse across the neuromuscular cleft. The transmitter molecules fill receptor sites in the membrane of the muscle and increase the membrane permeability to sodium. The sodium then diffuses into the membrane and the membrane potential becomes
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A refractory period is a period of time where the cells are resistant to depolarisation. There are 3 different refractory periods‚ firstly the absolute refractory period which is the part of the cardiac cycle where no further depolarisation can take place. Secondly it is the relative refractory period where depolarisation of the cells can occur but only if the stimulus is strong enough‚ and finally there is the diminished refractory period where the cells are still resistant to depolarisation but
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in the brain are effected by Alzheimer’s disease and are the main cause of memory loss. Particularly‚ the level of choline acetyltransferase activity in the cortex and hippocampus is decreased. This is an enzyme that is required in order for acetylcholine (a memory neurotransmitter) to be synthesized‚ making the decrease in choline acetyltransferase enzymes quantitatively related to a large number of neuritic plaques (Grossman & Porth‚ 2014). According to the Alzheimer’s Association (n.d.b)‚ the
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Axia College Material Appendix C Brain Response of Behavior Part I Note: Parts II and III follow below‚ complete all three. Run Multimedias 2.3 and 2.4 * Go to the Web site www.prenhall.com/morris. * Click text: Psychology: An Introduction (12th ed.) * Click “2” on the select a chapter tool bar. * Click Live!Psych on the left hand menu. * Select 2.3 and 2.4. Write a 350- to 700-word response to the following: Explain the communication process of neurons in
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The Heart • What does it generate? • Why is that so important? • Found in the… • Apex points at… • Base points at… • Sits atop the… • Medial to… • Anterior to the… • Posterior to the… Fibrous Pericardium • Made of… • Encloses. • Stabilizes. • Prevents... Serous Pericardium • Deep to the… • 2 layers • Parietal pericardium • Visceral pericardium • Pericardial cavity. 3 Layers of the Heart Wall • Epicardium • Myocardium • Endocardium. Heart Chambers
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Tema 16. Coronary Circulation Comisión Papanicolaou Unit 16. Coronary Circulation 1. Morfofunctional
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part of a feedback system that keeps blood glucose levels at a stable level. Secretin- family of peptide hormones. Regulation Secretion of glucagon is stimulated by: • Hypoglycemia • Epinephrine Arginine • Alanine • Acetylcholine • Cholecystokinin Secretion of glucagon is inhibited by: • Somatostatin • Insulin • Increased free fatty acids and keto acids into the blood • Increased urea production Structure Glucagon is a 29-amino acid polypeptide.
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the Neurotransmitter | Location of Neurotransmitter | Effect of Neurotransmitter | Function of Neurotransmitter | Possible mental health‚ emotional‚ behavioral‚ or physical issues resulting from too much or too little of the neurotransmitter | Acetylcholine(ACh) | Its location is in the brain‚ spinal cord‚ peripheral nervous system‚ and some organs of parasympathetic nervous system. | It’s effects are excitatory in the brain and autonomic nervous system; and inhibitory anywhere else | Its function
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C) His stomach contributes to the formation of ulcers by the acids needed to breakdown foods become excessive. The cell that directly participate in the forming of an ulcer are parietal cell that secrete HCI and the gastric glands the secrete acetylcholine.
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