The muscle physiology of skeletal muscle was observed by using electrical‚ physical‚ and neural stimulations of an isolated gastrocnemius muscle from Rana pipiens. The gastrocnemius receives signals from the action potentials of the sciatic nerve. The muscle contraction is caused by the binding of a neurotransmitter once the action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction. Stimulation of the muscle and the sciatic nerve allows for recording and measuring of these properties. We observed twitch
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Latin English diathroses Freely moving joints such as knuckles are called synarthrose Skull sutures and other immovable joints are called synovial fluid The lubricant in the joint cavity of a diarthrosis is called tendon sheath A long tubular bursa enclosing a tendon is called range of motion The maximum angle through which a joint can move is called resistance arm The part of a lever from the fulcrum to the resistance is called fulcrum ‚ effort In the elbow‚ a third-class lever‚ the ____
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Muscular System: Muscle Metabolism 1. List the three roles of ATP in muscle contraction: 1. _energizing the power stroke of the myosin cross bridge________________________ 2. _disconnecting the myosin head from the binding site on actin at the conclusion of a power stroke_________________ 3. _energizing the calcium ion pump; transporting calcium___________________ 2. The potential energy in ATP is released when the terminal high-energy bond is broken by a process called _hydrolysis________________________
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I enjoy my science classes because they satisfy my curious side. I do not just want to know that the deltoid is the muscle found in the upper arm‚ I want to know it works because the myosin and actin fibers contract when nerve impulses are sent from the brain. This curiosity is what I believe will help me complete the proper schooling needed to become a research scientist. In the meantime‚ I can help raise money for the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation
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NEURONAL DIVERSITY - Categories of neurons of CNS: 1. Afferent/ sensory neurons – convey information from periphery to CNS 2. Motor- sends commands to muscles and glands 3. Interneurons – most abundant signalling elements in the CNS ( process information locally or convey information from one region of CNS to another • Types: a. Local interneurons/ internuncial neurons/ local circuit neurons – short axon Golgi type II (greatly outnumber type I in CNS)
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Introduction to Myasthenia Gravis Myasthenia Gravis‚ also Known as "grave muscle weakness" is a chronic muscle disease that causes abnormally rapid fatigue of the skeletal muscle system‚ which are the voluntary muscles. The affected muscles tire quickly but regain strength after a period of rest. Myasthenia Gravis is termed an autoimmune disease. The immune system usually makes antibodies to attack bacteria‚ viruses and germs. With the autoimmune disease‚ the immune system makes antibodies
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Chapter Four DEFINITIONS nucleic acid – polymers specialized for the storage‚ transmission between generations‚ and use of genetic information. There are two types‚ DNA and RNA nucleotides – monomers that compose nucleic acid‚ consist of a pentose sugar‚ a phosphate group‚ and a nitrogen containing base. DNA - – a macromolecule that encodes hereditary information and passes if from generation to generation. RNA and the bonds that stabilize them Purine - one of two chemical forms
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Bio-111 Laboratory #8 Mitosis and Meiosis 17 November 2010 Part1-Questions: a) Explain mitosis Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells. This process is divided into five stages: prophase‚ metaphase‚ anaphase‚ telophase and cytokinesis. A diploid cell duplicates its genetic information. Therefore the two diploid daughter cells will receive an exact copy of the genetic material. Explain meiosis Meiosis is a two round cell division process where a diploid cell divides
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Biology Unit 2 Module 2 1.1: Explain the uptake of ions by active transport in roots; * Emphasize the role of the endodermis. Most plants secure the water and minerals they need from their roots. The path taken is: soil -> roots -> stems -> leaves The minerals (e.g.‚ K+‚ Ca2+) travel dissolved in the water (often accompanied by various organic molecules supplied by root cells).Less than 1% of the water reaching the leaves is used in photosynthesis and plant growth. Most of it is
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Nitrogen in the air enters and leaves living systems by way of the nitrogen cycle. Describe the events which take place when atmospheric nitrogen molecules move along a food chain (involving legumes and herbivorous mammals) and eventually return to the atmosphere. In your answer‚ describe the uptake‚ processing and utilization of nitrogen in the bodies of these organisms Atmospheric nitrogen in air enters by diffusion or gaseous exchange and leaves the bodies of most organisms without biotransformation
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